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1、RoutledgeHistoryofPhilosophyVolumeVIIThenineteenthcenturywasaperiodofintenseintellectualactivitywithadvancesbeingmadeinthesciences,inmathematicsandinpsychologywhichgraduallyestablisheditselfasadisciplineindependentofphilosophy.Philosophicaldisputesaroseaboutthenatureofscientificmethodandabo
2、utwhether,ortowhatextent,theunderstandingofhumanconductandhumansocietyrequiredtheadoptionofthemethodsofobservationandexperimentcommontothenaturalsciences.Differentphilosophicaltheoriesaboutthenatureofreality,thefoundationsofknowledgeandofmorality,andthelimitsofindividualfreedomweresystemati
3、callydeveloped,andmanysuchtheoriesarestillverymuchaliveincontemporaryphilosophicaldebates.Thephilosophersdiscussedinthisvolumeincludethosebelongingbothtothe‘a(chǎn)nalytic’andthe‘continental’traditions,aswellasthenowinfluentialAmericanpragmatists.Eachchapteriswrittenbyadifferentauthorwhopresentst
4、heissuesinthecontextoftheperiodinwhichtheyarose,whilealsokeepinganeyeontheirrelevancetocurrentphilosophicalinterests.Afewphilosophersarediscussedinmorethanonechapter,indifferentbutmutuallyilluminatingcontexts.EachchapterinTheNineteenthCenturyisself-containedandmakesadistinctivecontributiont
5、oasetofphilosophicalproblems.Thisvolumeprovidesabroad,scholarlyintroductiontonineteenth-centuryphilosophy.Italsocontainsaglossaryofphilosophicaltermsandachronologicaltableofphilosophicalandculturalevents.C.L.TenisVisitingProfessorofPhilosophyattheNationalUniversityofSingaporeandholdsaPerson
6、alChairinPhilosophyatMonashUniversity,Australia.Hehaspublishedwidelyonnineteenth-centuryphilosophyandisaFellowoftheAustralianAcademyoftheHumanities.RoutledgeHistoryofPhilosophyGeneralEditors—G.H.R.ParkinsonandS.G.ShankerTheRoutledgeHistoryofPhilosophyprovidesachronologicalsurveyofthehistory
7、ofWesternphilosophy,fromitsbeginningsinthesixthcenturyBCtothepresenttime.Itdiscussesallmajorphilosophicaldevelopmentsindepth.Mostspaceisallocatedtothoseindividualswho,bycommonconsent,areregardedasgreatphilosophers.Butlesserfigureshavenotbeenneglected,and
