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1、摘要保護(hù)性耕作是國際農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)發(fā)展的重要趨勢，秸稈還田技術(shù)是機(jī)械化保護(hù)性耕作中關(guān)鍵的一項(xiàng)技術(shù)。使用機(jī)械化秸稈還田技術(shù)可以有效地解決農(nóng)忙期間爭農(nóng)時、爭勞力的矛盾，有力推動秸稈還田的農(nóng)業(yè)全程機(jī)械化進(jìn)程，避免由于焚燒秸稈產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境污染。本著一機(jī)多用、降低生產(chǎn)成本的原則，研制了既能滿足玉米秸稈、又能單獨(dú)實(shí)現(xiàn)旋耕作業(yè)的新型玉米秸稈還田機(jī)。(1)在對秸稈粉碎及滅茬基本理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上，提出多功能玉米秸稈還田機(jī)總體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)方案。采用臥式結(jié)構(gòu)，主要由懸掛裝置、變速箱、秸稈粉碎機(jī)構(gòu)、等組成。拖拉機(jī)輸出動力經(jīng)萬向節(jié)傳遞給變速箱，變速箱一軸經(jīng)齒輪、鏈輪兩級增速后，帶動粉碎刀輥工作。(2)設(shè)計(jì)了新
2、型變速箱，實(shí)現(xiàn)了秸稈粉碎的作業(yè)，結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，一機(jī)多用。主要由錐齒輪傳動等組成。利用從動齒輪的離合來實(shí)現(xiàn)粉碎、旋耕動力的分離與結(jié)合，從而分別完成秸稈粉碎與旋耕單項(xiàng)作業(yè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)一機(jī)多用之功能。關(guān)鍵詞:變速箱；方案設(shè)計(jì)；甩刀；結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理IIAbseractTheprotectioncultivationisthemostimportantinternationalagriculturaltechnologydevelopmenttendency.Thesmashedstrawtechnologyisoneessentialtechnologyofthemechanizedpro
3、tectioncultivation.Usingsmashedstrawmachinescalleffectivelysolvetheproblemsthatstrivingfortimeandduringthebusyingfarmingtime，andCanmaketheagriculturalentiremechanizationcometruth.Italsocallavoidenvironmentpollutioncausedbystrawsettingonfire.Accordingtomulti-functionandreducingproductionco
4、st,(1)Onthebasicofstudyingtheelementarytheoryofsmashingstraw，theintegralstructuredesignplanofmulti-functionmachinewasintroduced.Themachineismainlycomposedofsystem，gearbox，missionsystem，stalk-soilreturningroller,rotarytillerroller,anddepthlimitroller.Poweristransmittedfromthetractorshaftto
5、thepoweroutputgearbox.Oneshaftofthegearboxisacceleratedbybothbevelgearsandstraptransmission.Andthenitdrivesthestalk—smashingknivesrevolvingquickly.Anotherismovedbythebevelgearsandstrapwheeltodrivetherotarytillerworking.(2)Theinnovativepointisthedesignofnewgearbox，whichhasrealizedthecompos
6、iteworkorworkofsmashingstraw，stubbleandrotarytillageforthefirsttime.Itmakesonemachinehastwouses.thegearboxismainlycomposedofbevelgears，pokingfork，clutch，andbearings.Usingtheseparationorunionbetweentheclutchandgears，theseparationorunionofthepowercanberealized.So，themachinecallchoosesmashed
7、strawworkorrotarytillagework.Andtheintensionofbevelgears,belts，axesarechecked.Keywords:gearbox；smashedstraw；StructuresandworkiII目錄摘要IAbseractII1緒論11.1科學(xué)依據(jù)11.1.1有機(jī)肥源11.1.2保墑和調(diào)控田間溫濕度11.1.3抑制雜草11.1.4疏松土質(zhì)21.1.5有效增產(chǎn)21.2國內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀21.3研究內(nèi)容和方法51.3.1研究內(nèi)容51.3.2研究方法61.3.3研究技術(shù)路線62
