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1、摘要論文題目：基于激光多普勒效應(yīng)的回轉(zhuǎn)體直徑測量技術(shù)研究學(xué)科專業(yè)：精密儀器及機(jī)械研究生：趙登簽名：越壘指導(dǎo)教師：焦明星教授簽名：笸硝星摘要基于激光多普勒效應(yīng)的測量技術(shù)在近幾年取得了較大發(fā)展，被廣泛的應(yīng)用于氣體、液體等流體的測量以及固體運(yùn)動(dòng)表面參數(shù)的測量。針對(duì)目前回轉(zhuǎn)體直徑測量水平不能滿足工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的現(xiàn)狀，本文提出了一種基于激光多普勒效應(yīng)的回轉(zhuǎn)體直徑測量系統(tǒng)，選用雙光束外差檢測法和計(jì)數(shù)式頻率測量方法進(jìn)行信號(hào)解調(diào)。首先，根據(jù)激光多普勒效應(yīng)的測量原理，本文推導(dǎo)了在雙光束．雙散射光路下的激光多普勒表達(dá)式，驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)可行
2、性。設(shè)計(jì)了本系統(tǒng)的光學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)，并且對(duì)光學(xué)器件參數(shù)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算。依據(jù)光外差檢測原理，詳細(xì)推導(dǎo)出了激光多普勒雙光束．雙散射測量結(jié)構(gòu)中光外差檢測相位條件的表達(dá)式，并據(jù)此建立了以小孔光闌來保證檢測條件的光外差檢測結(jié)構(gòu)。其次，本文設(shè)計(jì)了激光多普勒測量信號(hào)的解調(diào)電路并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了軟件仿真與實(shí)際調(diào)試，主要包括I／V轉(zhuǎn)換、放大、波形轉(zhuǎn)換、分頻、頻率測量和顯示等部分。通過對(duì)本系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究及分析可得，本測量系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對(duì)回轉(zhuǎn)體直徑的精密測量，并獲得了5～800mm的測量范圍和O．08mm的測量精度。最后對(duì)測量結(jié)果進(jìn)行了誤差分析，給
3、出了本測量系統(tǒng)中主要的誤差來源及其大??；詳細(xì)分析了激光多普勒固體表面測量系統(tǒng)中多普勒信號(hào)頻譜展寬的影響因素，引入了激光多普勒非平面固體表面測量時(shí)所特有的展寬因子——固體表面形狀展寬因子，并且給出了本系統(tǒng)的改進(jìn)措旋。關(guān)鍵詞：激光多普勒效應(yīng)；外差檢測；回轉(zhuǎn)體：直徑測量AbstractTitle：STUDYOFTECHNIQUESOFMEASURINGTHEDIAMETEROFROTATINGOBJECTUSINGLASERDOPPLEREFFECTMajor：PrecisionInstrumentsandMach
4、ineryName：ZHAODengSignature：Supervisor．Prof．JIAOMingxingSignature：叢：-2也AbstractThelaserDopplerEffect(LDE)isextensivelyappliedintheparametersmeasurementsofgas，liquidandmovingsurfaceofsolid，etc．a(chǎn)ndtheLDEbasedmeasurementshasbeendevelopedveryrapidlyinrecentyear
5、s．Thediametermeasurementaccuracyoftherotatingobjectsisnotllighenoughatpresent．whichcannotmeettheneedsoftheindustryproduction．ALDE·basednewmethodofmeasuringthediameterofrotatingcylinderhasbeenputforwardinthisthesis，andthesignaldemodulationhasbeenperformedbyU
6、Seofboththeopticalheterodynedetectionandthefrequencymeasurementwithcounter．First，accordingtotheLDEprinciple，thetheoreticalexpressionofanopticalsystemofdual—beamwithdual—scattering(DBDS)isderivedinthisthesis．Onthebasisofthetheoreticalcalculations，theopticals
7、ystemhasbeendesignedandtheparametersoftheopticalcomponentshavealsobeendetermined．Accordingtotheprincipleoftheopticallyheterodynedetection，theexpressionofphaseconditionsofopticalheterodynedetectionintheDBDSopticalsystemhasbeenderived，theopticallyheterodynede
8、tectionsystemhasbeensetup，andahaspin-holebeenchosenaccordingtothecalculationresult．Secondly,themaincircuitsofthesignaldemodulationhavebeendesignedwhichincludeI／Vconversion，amplification，waveformtransfo
