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1、白石水庫泥沙運用研究摘要大凌河是個多沙河流,多年平均懸移質(zhì)輸沙量可達2143.43萬噸,平均含沙量為18.08kg/m3,實測最大斷面含沙量為172kg/m3,自石水庫位于大凌河中游的遼寧省北票市,年入庫沙量,干流為1145.7萬噸,支流辛亡牛河為1160萬噸。本文從白石水庫泥沙模型試驗入手,模型試驗首先通過模型糙率和模型選沙驗證試驗,說明模型制作和選沙是合理的;然后開展初設(shè)方案30年運用水庫淤積試驗,并與數(shù)模計算對比,基本相同;試驗結(jié)合工程初期運用實際情況,進行了兩個不同初期運用水位方案的對比試驗,從兩個
2、方案試驗結(jié)果看,初期運用的兩個方案淤積總量差別不大,而從效益看,方案二優(yōu)于方案一。方案二與初設(shè)方案運用對比,方案二淤積總量明顯減少,從淤積縱剖面看,方案二無明顯三角洲淤積形態(tài),而初設(shè)方案運用30年淤積形態(tài)具有明顯的三角洲淤積形態(tài),從庫容變化看,初設(shè)方案運用主要損失有效庫容,而方案二則相反主要損失死庫容。在壩前局部模型試驗中,方案二的出庫含沙量平面上呈底孔大、電廠和取水口小的分布趨勢,而初設(shè)方案運用則相反,說明方案二具有較明顯的優(yōu)越性。從異重流試驗看,在正常運用下,水庫產(chǎn)生泥沙異重流的機率較大,能否運動到壩前
3、排出庫外,還要看異重流潛入點位置、入庫流量、洪峰歷時、入庫含沙量、水庫閘門運用等因素,需要做好異重流預(yù)報監(jiān)測工作。通過試驗說明多沙河流水庫初期降低水位運用,對水庫長期運用具有重要意義。主題詞:水庫淤積水庫運用泥沙模型多沙河流異重流大凌河白石水庫白石水庫泥沙運用研究AbstractTheDaLingRiverisariverofmuchbedioad.TheaverageofthelosssandCanreach21434.3thousandston.a(chǎn)ndtheratioisl8.08KgJm3.Tothi
4、sday,theratioofsandinessbymeasuringinthebiggestbrokensurfaceis172Kg/mLnleBaishireservoirliesintheeitynamedBeipiaowhichinthemiddlereachesoftheDaLingRiverinLiaoningProvince.nleincomeofthereservoirfromthetrunkstreamis11457thousandston,andfromthebranchoftheriv
5、erisl160thousandston.Letterpressstartingwiththeformeroftheexperimentforbedload.Firstly,weaccountfortheformermadeandthesandselectedarereasonablebyexperiments.Thenwedevelopthefirstprojectcarryingtheexperimentforfillingupof30years.Contrastedwiththecount,there
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7、erticalsectionplane,projecttwohavenotthedeltaconformationoffillup.Projectonelosttheeffcctualcontainsofreservoir.Inopposition,projecttwolostthedeadcontains.Duringtheexperimentofthelocalformerinfrontofthedam,thequantityofthesandinessoutthereservoirappearstha
8、tlotofsandinesspassedthebottomholeandlittlepassedtheelectricityplantandthewatergap.Thisisadistributingtrend.Allthataccountforthattheprojecthavequiteobviouslyadvantage.Formtheexperimentofdifferentdensitystream