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1、論文摘要產(chǎn)權(quán)問題是經(jīng)濟(jì)體制研究中最重要的問題,林權(quán)是林業(yè)政策的核心。占我國森林面積一半以上的集體林地長期以來存在產(chǎn)權(quán)虛置、經(jīng)營主體地位未落實(shí)等問題,成為嚴(yán)重制約林業(yè)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵因素之一。新中國成立以來,集體林權(quán)制度經(jīng)數(shù)次變遷,在發(fā)揮積極作用的同時(shí),也存在制度安排上的缺陷。2003年以來,福建、江西等省相繼開展集體林權(quán)制度改革試點(diǎn),經(jīng)數(shù)年實(shí)踐,成效顯著。2008年6月,中共中央、國務(wù)院頒發(fā)《關(guān)于全面推進(jìn)集體林權(quán)制度改革的意見》,被稱為“第三次土地改革’’的集體林權(quán)制度改革就此全面展開。顯然,研究集體林區(qū)林權(quán)制度改革具有重要的理論意義
2、和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文以產(chǎn)權(quán)理論、制度變遷理論以及市場(chǎng)和政府失靈理論為基礎(chǔ),從集體林權(quán)制度的歷史沿革出發(fā),分析了集體林權(quán)制度改革的內(nèi)外部動(dòng)因,認(rèn)為集體林權(quán)制度改革是解放林業(yè)生產(chǎn)力的主要途徑,是解決林業(yè)發(fā)展深層次矛盾的有效辦法,是富裕林農(nóng)、建設(shè)和諧農(nóng)村的可靠保證。針對(duì)集體林權(quán)制度改革的進(jìn)展情況以及出現(xiàn)的問題,本文分析了制約林改的若干因素,闡述了深化改革的基本思路,并提出深化集體林權(quán)改革的政策配套和對(duì)策措施。關(guān)鍵詞:集體林;產(chǎn)權(quán)改革;制度創(chuàng)新AbstractPropertyrightproblemisconsideredasthemost
3、importantpartinthestudyofeconomysystem.Thecoreofforestindustrypolicyistheforestrypropertyright.Collectiveforest,whichwascoveredmorethanhalfthesizeofChina’Sforest,hasarisenproblemslikeobscurityandinconformityinthebelongingnessofforestrightforalongtime.Thoseproblemsale
4、keyobstaclesduringthedevelopingofourcountry’Sforestindustry.Actually,thesystemofcollectively—ownedforestrightshavebeenchangedseveraltimessincethefoundingofnewChina.Butthosechangesbothmadetheirpositiveeffectsandhavesystematicallimitations.FujianandJiangxiprovincebegan
5、toreformtheircollectively—ownedforestrightssystemfrom2003.AfterSOmanyyearspractice,theyhaveenjoyednotableresults.InJune2008,theCPCcommitteeandthestatecouncilissued‘‘theinstructionofpromotingthecomprehensivereformofthecollectively—ownedforestrightssystem'’.Thereform,w
6、hichwasregardedasthethirdlandreform,wasinfullswingallovertheChina.So,obviously,theresearchofthecollectively—ownedforestrightssystemreformhasastrongtheoryandpracticalsignificance.Underthebaseofthepropertytheory,theinstitutionalchangetheoryandthemarket&govemmentfailure
7、theory,thepaperattemptstoinvestigateandanalysisinternalandexternalmotivationsofthecollectively—ownedforestpropertyrightsreformthroughtheresearchofitsdevelopinghistory.Thewriterrealizethatreformisthemainwaytoliberatetheforestindustryproductivity,isthefundamentalapproa
8、chtoresolvethedeep—seatedconflictsinthedevelopmentofforestindustryandisanimportantguaranteeforenrichtheforestfarmerandtobuildthesoc