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《ag和agcl納米顆粒的微乳液法制備工藝研究》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在學(xué)術(shù)論文-天天文庫(kù)。
1、摘要本文采用微乳液法制備Ag和AgCl納米顆粒;同時(shí),在#l-力n交變電場(chǎng)作用下,采用微乳液法可以制備出不同形貌的Ag和AgCl納米顆粒;最后對(duì)納米顆粒的形貌結(jié)構(gòu)和形成機(jī)理進(jìn)行了初步的探討。用透射電子顯微鏡對(duì)樣品的形貌進(jìn)行了表征,結(jié)果表明,由離子表面活性劑AOT組成的微乳液制得的Ag和AgCl納米顆粒的形貌是球狀且粒徑較為均勻的;由非離子表面活性劑PEG/水溶液組成的溶液體系,通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)PEG的濃度,制得的納米顆粒的形貌可以由球狀轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榘魻?。在交變電?chǎng)作用下,由表面活性劑AOT組成的微乳液體系可以制備出不同長(zhǎng)徑比的棒狀、鏈狀等不同形貌的Ag和AgCl納米顆粒,其納米顆粒的生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程可能有兩種方
2、式:連續(xù)生長(zhǎng)和聚合生長(zhǎng)。用選區(qū)電子衍射(SAED)對(duì)納米顆粒的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了表征,結(jié)果表明,連續(xù)生長(zhǎng)的納米顆粒具有單晶結(jié)構(gòu),聚合生長(zhǎng)的納米顆粒具有多晶結(jié)構(gòu)。整個(gè)研究表明,外加交變電場(chǎng)可以成為一種誘導(dǎo)納米顆粒在微乳液中取向生長(zhǎng)的新手段。關(guān)鍵詞微乳液法:納米顆粒:交變電場(chǎng);形成機(jī)理燕山大學(xué)工學(xué)碩士論文AbstractInthispaper,AgandAgCInanoparticleswerepreparedbYmicroemulsionsmethod;Meanwhile,AgandAgCInanoparticleswithdifferentconfigurationscouldbesynthesi
3、zedundertheactingofexternalalternatingelectricfield;At1ast,themicrostructureandformationmechanismofnanoparticleswithdifferentconfigurationswereprimarystudied.Theconfigurationsofsamplewerecharacterizedbytransmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM).TheobservationresultsshowthatconfigurationsofAgandAgClnanopa
4、rticles,whichwerepreparedinmicroemulsioncomposedtheionicsurfactantAOT,werespherical,particlewithsymmetricalsizedistribution;Byadjustingtheconcentrationofnonionicsurfactantpolyethyleneglycol(PEG)inthewater,theshapeofnanoparticles,preparedbytheliquor,couldbechangedfromsphericaltorod—like.AgandAgClna
5、noparticleswitlldifferentconfigurations,suchasrod-likeandchain.1ike,werepreparedinmieroemulsionsusingtheionicsurfactantAOTundertheactingofaltematinglelectricfield.Thegrowthmethodsofnanoparticleswerelikelytotwospecies:continuousgrowthandpolymericgrowth.Themicrostructuresofnanoparticleswerecharacter
6、izedbytheselectedareaelectrondiffraction(SAED).Theresultsshowthatnanoparticlesincontinuousgrowthweresingle-crystalline,whilethoseinpolymericgrowthwerepoly-crystalline.Baseonourinvestigation,theexternalaltematingelectricfieldcouldbeanewmeanstoinducedthetropisticgrowthofnanoparticlesinmicroemulsions
7、.Keywordsmicroemulsions;nanoparticles;alternatingelectricfield;formationmechanismII第1章緒論納米材料與納米技術(shù)是2l世紀(jì)最具有發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ母咝录夹g(shù)的核心。納米材料是物質(zhì)的基礎(chǔ)和重要組成部分,一般是指組成材料的結(jié)構(gòu)單元的特征緯度尺寸在納米量級(jí)(一般是1~100nm)的固體材料;納米技術(shù)是在納米尺度下探索新材料及其結(jié)構(gòu)在化學(xué)、電學(xué)、磁學(xué)、光學(xué)、