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1、碩士論文納米Ni.B非晶態(tài)臺(tái)金復(fù)合粒了的制備及性能研究摘要.為了制備出性能優(yōu)異的包覆型結(jié)構(gòu)的納米復(fù)合粒子,本文采用化學(xué)鍍法,在鋁粉和硼粉表面成功的包覆了一層納米Ni-B非晶合金膜。按照L16(45)正交實(shí)驗(yàn)安排實(shí)驗(yàn),采用了稱(chēng)重法計(jì)算了相對(duì)沉積速度,分析了化學(xué)鍍Ni-B溶液各成分的濃度對(duì)相對(duì)沉積速度的影響,獲得了最佳鍍覆工藝條件,并用SEM、TEM、EDS和XRD對(duì)鍍覆后鋁粉和硼粉的鍍層形貌、成分進(jìn)行表征。結(jié)果表明:表面包覆的顆粒粒徑在20nm--60nm之間,得到包覆均勻,分散性好的納米復(fù)合粒子。為了了解納米Ni-B非晶合金復(fù)合粒子的催化性能。將制備出的納米復(fù)合粉末與高氯酸銨(AP)復(fù)合,采
2、用DTA法對(duì)混合物的熱分解情況進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明:納米Ni.B非晶合金可使AP的高溫分解峰降低52.8℃,同時(shí)也降低了AP低溫分解溫度,即對(duì)AP高溫和低溫?zé)岱纸饩休^好的催化效果。在AP/HTPB復(fù)合固體推進(jìn)劑中,添加該納米復(fù)合粒子后,燃燒速度大幅度提高。以Al作為燃燒劑的AP/HTPB復(fù)合固體推進(jìn)劑中,添加納米Ni.B/A1復(fù)合粉末時(shí),在9MPa左右燃速提高約21.3%,燃速壓力指數(shù)在5~10MPa范圍內(nèi)降低31.5%。以B作為燃燒劑的AP/HTPB復(fù)合固體推進(jìn)劑中,添加納米Ni.BIB復(fù)合粉末時(shí),在1.5MPa左右燃速提高約21f3%,燃速壓力指數(shù)在0,5~6。5MPa范圍內(nèi)降低6%。關(guān)
3、鍵詞:納米復(fù)合粒子;化學(xué)鍍;納米Ni.B非晶合金;高氯酸銨;催化性能;固體推進(jìn)劑碩士論文納米Ni-B非晶態(tài)合金復(fù)合粒子的制備及性能研究AbstractInthisdissertation,inordertopreparegoodperformancecoatedcompositepowders,supemnealuminumpowderandboronpowdersurfat∞swerecoatedbyafilmofNanoNi·BamorphousalloybyreCallSofelectrolessplantingmethod.Theinfluenceofnlassconcentrati
4、onofnickelchloride,potassiumborohydridc,ethylenediamine,PH,temperatureonrelativedepositionratewerestudiedwithL16(4,)orthogonaltest,andtheoptimizedparameterswereobtained.Thenthecharacteristicsofthecompositepowders,includingthesurfacemorphology,thestructureandthesurfacecomponents,wereinvestigatedby,S
5、EM,TEM.EDSandⅪ①.TheresultsindicatedthatthesizeofNi-Bamorphousalloyofpowdersurfaceis20um--60nm.Then,bymeansofgrindingcoatedcompositepowdersandAPtogether,WegotthecompositepowdersandusedtheDTAtoanalysethecatalyticeffectoftheNano-Ni—B/AIcompositeandNano-Ni—B/BcompositeonthethermaldecompositionofAP.Ther
6、esultsindicatedthatNanometerNi—BamorphousalloydecreasedthesecondthermaldecompositiontemperatureofAPby52.8"12.NanometerNi-BamorphousalloyCanalsocatalysethefirstdecompositionofAP.TheadditionoftheNOB膳JintotheAP/HTPBcompositesolidpropellantenhancestheburningrateattheressureof9MPaby21.3%anddecreasesthep
7、ressureexponentsinthepressurescopesofS~10MPaby31.5%:TheadditionoftheNi-B/BintotheAP/HTPBcompositesolidpropellantenhancestheburningrateattheressureof1.5MPaby21.3%anddecreasesthepressureexponentsinthepressure