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1、遼寧科技大學(xué)碩士論文摘要摘要本文以Cr-Mo鋼為實驗材料,采用Gleeble熱模擬試驗機(jī)分別測量了實驗鋼在有、無應(yīng)力作用時不同冷卻方式下貝氏體相變過程中的溫度.膨脹曲線,研究了外加小應(yīng)力下的貝氏體相變動力學(xué)和相變塑性;采用光學(xué)顯微鏡、掃描電鏡和透射電鏡分析了小應(yīng)力對貝氏體組織形態(tài)和亞結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。主要得出以下結(jié)論:(1)應(yīng)力對貝氏體相變的影響顯著:在冷卻速度較小的連續(xù)冷卻條件下,壓應(yīng)力抑制高溫段的貝氏體相變,促進(jìn)低溫段的貝氏體相變;在等溫冷卻的過程中,無論拉、壓應(yīng)力都對貝氏體相變起促進(jìn)作用,拉應(yīng)力的影響明顯些。(2)在所研究的小應(yīng)力范圍內(nèi),在連續(xù)冷卻過
2、程中,應(yīng)力使貝氏體轉(zhuǎn)變的開始溫度上移,終了溫度下移,即應(yīng)力使貝氏體轉(zhuǎn)變的溫度范圍增大。(3)相變塑性應(yīng)變隨著壓應(yīng)力的增加而增加,隨著拉應(yīng)力的增加而減小。連續(xù)冷卻時相變塑性系數(shù)隨著應(yīng)力的增加呈下降趨勢,而等溫條件下結(jié)果相反。(4)在連續(xù)冷卻時,隨著壓應(yīng)力的增大,晶粒尺寸的變化規(guī)律為粗.細(xì).粗一細(xì),晶界不再平直,板條束粗大且取向趨于~致;在低速冷卻的條件下,能夠得到較細(xì)長的貝氏體板條,而高速冷卻時的貝氏體板條相對粗短。(5)在等溫冷卻時,隨著拉應(yīng)力的增大,組織均勻并得到很好的細(xì)化,鐵素體板條狀特征明顯、板條細(xì)??;在鐵素體條片間析出的碳化物形態(tài)也由無應(yīng)力下
3、的長條桿狀變成楔形,且彌散度增大。隨著壓應(yīng)力的增大,晶粒變得粗大,晶界平直,出現(xiàn)了鐵素體板條雙界,板條粗大:板條間存在一定數(shù)量的薄膜狀的富碳奧氏體,并與板條交替均勻排列平行分布。在位錯密度較大的鐵素體條片上,碳化物析出量較少。關(guān)鍵詞:Cr-Mo鋼,貝氏體相變,相變動力學(xué),相變塑性ABSTRACTInthispaper,theexpansiondiagramsofbainitictransformationweremeasuredforaCr-MosteelunderdifferentstressandcoolingmethodonGleeblethe
4、rmalsimulator.Theeffectofstressonthephasetransformationkineticsandphasetransformationplasticityofbainitewerestudied.Thebainitemicrostructuremorphologyandsubstructurewerealsoobservedandanalyzedunderasmallstressbyopticsmicroscope、SEMandTEM.Themainresultsareasfollows:(1)Theeffecto
5、fstressforbainitetransformationWasnotable:pressurestressrestrainedbainitetransformationathi曲temperaturestageandaccelerateditatlowtemperaturestageduringsmallcontinuouscoolingrates.Ontheotherhand,tensileorpressurestresshaveallacceleratedbalnitetransformationduringisothermcooling,
6、especiallytensilestress.(2)WithcontinuouscoolingprocessBscurveswereupaswellasBfcurvesweredown,whichmeanthatstressenlargedtemperaturerangesofbainitetransformation.(3)Phasetransformationplasticitystrainincreasedalong晰血pressurestressincreasingandreducedinthewakeoftensilestressincr
7、easing.Phasetransformationplasticitycoefficientdescendedasstressimprovingduringcontinuouscooling,buttheconditionWascontraryduringisothermalcooling.(4)Duringcontinuouscooling,grainsizechangedasfollow:coarse·fine—coarse-fine,thegrainboundarieswerenotflatandstraight,furthermore,ba
8、initicplateswerecoarseandtheorientationwasidenticalass