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1、●-摘要泡沫鋁的粉末冶金制備方法及其相關(guān)性能的研究摘要粉末冶金發(fā)泡法由于能夠生產(chǎn)復(fù)雜形狀的泡沫鋁及泡沫鋁芯三明治結(jié)構(gòu)而成為泡沫鋁研究領(lǐng)域的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn),本文對(duì)泡沫鋁的粉末冶金制備工藝和壓縮吸能性能進(jìn)行了探索性的研究。測(cè)試了Till2熱分解曲線,發(fā)現(xiàn)松散的Till2在氬氣保護(hù)氣氛下,420。C左右開始分解,640。C左右達(dá)到峰值。確定了泡沫鋁制各的主要工藝參數(shù),合適的壓力為150MPa以上,熱壓溫度為450。C,純鋁的預(yù)設(shè)爐溫為720。C,A1Si7的預(yù)設(shè)爐溫為640。C。研究了粉末冶金法制備泡沫鋁時(shí)泡沫孔結(jié)構(gòu)及胞壁微觀組織變化的規(guī)律。泡沫鋁發(fā)泡時(shí)經(jīng)歷微膨脹、
2、顯著膨脹和收縮等過程;孔結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)歷了形核和長(zhǎng)大及毛細(xì)力和重力驅(qū)動(dòng)下泡壁熔體的流動(dòng)引起的合并粗化和孔隙率自上而下梯度減小等演化過程。加熱時(shí),鋁/硅顆粒邊界處硅的擴(kuò)散層首先熔化,并沿著鋁顆粒邊界擴(kuò)散,最終使鋁硅粉末復(fù)合體完全熔化而實(shí)現(xiàn)合金化。試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)泡壁的凝固組織與典型的變質(zhì)處理后的鑄造鋁硅合金組織類似。泡沫鋁的壓縮、吸能性能研究表明:泡沫鋁的壓縮變形方式通過泡壁的彎曲和折疊完成,其應(yīng)力一應(yīng)變(o~£)曲線具有較長(zhǎng)的屈服“平臺(tái)”。隨相對(duì)密度的降低,泡沫鋁的屈服應(yīng)力、彈性模量和吸能能力降低,吸能效率的峰值有所增加。關(guān)鍵詞:粉末冶金泡沫鋁孔結(jié)構(gòu)微觀組織孔隙率壓縮本
3、文中文字?jǐn)?shù)32180,圖55幅,表11張,公式19條,實(shí)驗(yàn)次數(shù)400次碩士期間發(fā)表論文三篇本文由國(guó)家重點(diǎn)自然科學(xué)基金(No.50231010)資助文中內(nèi)容未經(jīng)允許,請(qǐng)勿復(fù)制●-StudyonPreparationofAluminiumFoambyPowderMetallurgyMethodandItspropertiesABSTRACTPowdermetallurgicalfoamingmethodbecomesanimportantresearchaspectinthefieldofmetallicfoams,becauseitisspecialize
4、dinmanufacturing3-dimensionalnetshapealuminiumfoampartsandsandwichstructure.Thepresentpaperinvestigatesthepreparationtechniquesofaluminiumfoambypowdermetallurgymethodandtheircompressiondeformationandenergyabsorptionproperties.BvtestingthethermaldecompositioncurveofTill2,itwasfoun
5、dthatincompactTill2DowderinArbegantodecomposeatabout420。C,andachievepeakvalueatabout640。C.Itwasascertainedthatprimaryprocessingparametersincludepressingstress,hot。pressingtemperatureandDre—setfurnacetemperature.Theproperhot—presstemperatureandpressingstresswere450。Candmorethan150
6、MParespectively.Thepre—setfurnacetemperatureforpureA1andA1Si7Was720。Cand640。Crespectively.EvolutionofporemorphologyandcellwallmicrostructureofaluminumfoamduringpowdermetallurgicalfoamingWasstudied.ItWasfoundthataluminumfoamshowsthreefoamingstagesduringfoaming,thatistinyexpansion,
7、remarkableexpansionandshrinkage;andtheporemorphologygoesthroughthreestages,thatisnucleationandgrowth,mergingandcoarsenlng,andtheporositydecreasingfromtheupperpartofthefoamtOthelowerpartofthefoam.ThemergingandDorositygradientoftheporestructureswereresultedfromcapillarity。drivenand
8、gravity..drivenmeltflowwithinthemeltfoam