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1、定語從句什么是定語？定語是對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的單詞、短語或句子，漢語中常用“……的”表示。單詞作定語一般前置,句子或短語作定語則必須后置.句子作定語則叫定語從句.Eg:ablueseaahandsomeboyHegavemeabasketfullofeggs.Let’sgosomewherequiet.定語從句：修飾名詞或代詞的從句。Thecarwhichmyunclehadjustboughtwasdestroyedintheearthquake.HeisthemanwhomIsawyesterd
2、ay.先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞。關(guān)系詞/連接詞：連接主句和定語從句的連詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞，一定要在從句中充當(dāng)成分。關(guān)系詞分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞一、關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞：who,whom,that，which,whose。關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。1）指人：who,whom,thatEg：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?（who/that在從句中作主語）Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.（wh
3、om/that在從句中作賓語）一、關(guān)系代詞2）指物：that，whichEg：Thisisthepen(which/that)heboughtyesterday.（which/that在句中作主語）Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.（which/that在句中作賓語）一、關(guān)系代詞3）指人或物：whose=sb's/sth's(只用作定語,若指物，它還可以同ofwhich互換）Eg:Theyrushedovertohelpthe
4、manwhosecarhadbrokendown.Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen.指人指物主語賓語thatwhichwhowhom關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：何時(shí)可以省略？指人指物主語賓語thatwhichwhowhom√√√√√√√√√√√√××××何時(shí)可以省略？做賓語時(shí)可以省略定語從句使用中的特殊情況二、不用that的情況：1.介詞后禁用關(guān)系詞that。Iheardoftheman,aboutwhomhetalked.2.非限制性定語從句
5、。Shewaslateagain,whichmademeunhappy.aboutthat(X)that(X)定語從句使用中的特殊情況一、只能用that的情況：1.先行詞既有物又有人時(shí)。Hespokeofthepersonsandthingsthathehadseenabroad.2.先行詞是something,anything,all,nothing等不定代詞時(shí)。IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?3.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)或者被,all,thevery,theon
6、ly,thejust修飾時(shí)。ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.二、關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞：when，where，why（做狀語）1.when先行詞為時(shí)間名詞作時(shí)間狀語指時(shí)間,在從句中表示“在...時(shí)”、=in/on...+which3.why先行詞為reason作原因狀語指原因,在從句中表示"因?yàn)?..原因“=forwhich2.where先行詞為地點(diǎn)名詞(situation,business,case,point,surroundings,environment,scene)作
7、地點(diǎn)狀語指地點(diǎn),在從句中表示“在...地點(diǎn)=in/on...+which二、關(guān)系副詞Istillremembertheday..=when(1)(2)onthedayIcamehere=onwhich我仍然記得（我來到這里的）那天。(1)我仍然記得這天。(2)在這天我來到這里。關(guān)系副詞：whenIstillrememberthedayonwhich/whenIcamehere.Thisisthehouse.lastyear.=inwhich=whereIlivedinthehouse(1)(2)(1)就是這所
8、房子。(2)我去年在這所房子住過。Thisisthehouseinwhich/whereIlivedlastyear.關(guān)系副詞：where就是這所（我去年住過的）房子。Hegaveareason.=forwhich=why(1)(2)forthereason.peoplelikemusic(1)他給了一個(gè)原因(2)因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因人們喜歡音樂。他給了一個(gè)（人們喜歡音樂的）原因。關(guān)系副詞：whyHegav
