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1、中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)碩士學(xué)位論文特高含水期井網(wǎng)部署優(yōu)化研究姓名:張秀梅申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專(zhuān)業(yè):油氣田開(kāi)發(fā)工程指導(dǎo)教師:谷建偉201205摘要目前越來(lái)越多的老油田逐步進(jìn)入特高含水期。該開(kāi)發(fā)階段下的開(kāi)發(fā)特征不同于中高含水階段,難以制定有針對(duì)性的調(diào)整技術(shù)措施。特高含水油藏水驅(qū)效果變差,需要新的開(kāi)發(fā)調(diào)整理論。因此,針對(duì)油藏本身具有非均質(zhì)性及各向異性這一客觀存在的特點(diǎn),在特高含水期,提出了矢量開(kāi)發(fā)這一概念,其目的是尋找有效的對(duì)策措施,用以消除或減輕儲(chǔ)層物性參數(shù)非均質(zhì)性和各向異性對(duì)油藏開(kāi)發(fā)效果的負(fù)面影響,為油藏開(kāi)發(fā)提供理論指導(dǎo)。在特
2、高含水期,對(duì)油藏的認(rèn)識(shí)越來(lái)越多,需要對(duì)油藏進(jìn)行重新評(píng)價(jià)。改進(jìn)了傳統(tǒng)非均質(zhì)評(píng)價(jià)的方法,從油藏物性和潛力兩方面對(duì)油藏進(jìn)行矢量化表征,更準(zhǔn)確精細(xì)地對(duì)其加以描述。提高采收率,需要從提高驅(qū)油效率和波及系數(shù)兩方面著手。從機(jī)理上研究了影響驅(qū)油效率的兩個(gè)主要因素驅(qū)替壓力梯度和過(guò)水倍數(shù)。利用數(shù)值模擬方法研究了兩個(gè)因素在均質(zhì)油藏、非均質(zhì)油藏、同一井網(wǎng)不同液量、井網(wǎng)抽稀、各向異性油藏以及雙重各向異性油藏下的變化規(guī)律,兩個(gè)指標(biāo)及其乘積的分布圖和數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比分析。從波及系數(shù)出發(fā),其主要影響因素為井網(wǎng)密度和地質(zhì)因素。建立了適用于整裝高含水油藏的多因素宏
3、觀波及系數(shù)表達(dá)式,綜合考慮了井網(wǎng)密度、注水井網(wǎng)的形式及注采井?dāng)?shù)比對(duì)波及系數(shù)和最終采收率的影響。建立了考慮多因素的經(jīng)濟(jì)合理井網(wǎng)密度優(yōu)化模型,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了一系列滲透率和厚度的組合模型,分別研究得到了五點(diǎn)井網(wǎng)合理的井距及合理井距隨滲透率、油層厚度、油價(jià)和可采儲(chǔ)量采出程度的變化規(guī)律,并建立了相應(yīng)圖版。推導(dǎo)了在井距保持不變的情況下,對(duì)五點(diǎn)井網(wǎng)進(jìn)行產(chǎn)量調(diào)整以及注采壓差控制的矢量開(kāi)發(fā)措施。通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬建立概念模型定性研究了四種井網(wǎng)條件在特高含水期,滲透率、油層厚度和含水率對(duì)采液速度的影響趨勢(shì)。對(duì)于五點(diǎn)井網(wǎng),定量研究了采液速度與
4、生產(chǎn)壓差、滲透率、油層厚度和含水率的量化關(guān)系,并提出了采液速度的優(yōu)化原則。關(guān)鍵詞:特高含水期:矢量表征;變化率梯度;過(guò)水倍數(shù);驅(qū)替壓力梯度TheOptimizationResearchofWellPatternArrangementinSuperHighWaterCutStageZhangXiumel(Oil&GasFieldDevelopmentEngineering)DirectedbyProf.Gu/ianweiAbstractAfteroveryearwaterflooding.mostmataringfield
5、hasenteredintosuperhi曲watercutstage嘶mwatercutreaches90%,inwhichdevelopmentcharacteristicsisdifferentfromthemedium·highwatereatdevelopmentperiod.Theeffectofwaterdisplacingoilbecomesworse.sonewdevelopmentadjusttheoryisurgentlyneeded.Accordingtoheterogeneityandaniso
6、tropyinthercscrvoir,vectorialdevelopmentisputforward,toremoveoralleviatedthesideeffectcausedbyreservoirphysicalp缸ametcTheterogeneityandanisotropy,whichprovidestheoreticalguidanceforreservoirdevelopmentAsthedevelopersalegettingtoknowmoreandmoreaboutthereservoirsup
7、erhighwatercutstage,rc-evaluation洲dbetakenintoconsideration.Onthebasisofimprovingthetraditionalheterogeneityevaluationmethod,vectorialcharacterizationaboutbothreservoirphysic湖propertiesandpotenfialiWisrepresented,whichdescribesthereservoirmoreaccuratelyand丘nely.h
8、oilandgasfielddeveloFment,notonlydisplacementefficiency,butalsosweepefficiencyshollldbeimprovedinordertoenhancetheoilrecovery.Theresearchonthemechanismshowstha