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1、WasHayekReallyanEvolutionist?1RonaldoFianiAbstractThispaperdiscussestheevolutionarycharacterofHayek’sanalysis.Itisfirstproposedthatanyevolutionarytheory(eitherDarwinianorLamarckian)mustpresentatleastthreemechanismswell-specified:variation,inheritanceandselection.Anytheorylackingone
2、ofthesemechanismsshouldnotbeconsideredevolutionaryifonewantstokeeptheadjective“evolutionary”meaningful.ThenitisdemonstratedthatHayek’sanalysislacksallthethreemechanisms.Areas:AUSEC-Austrianeconomics(Hayeketal);EVOTH-bioeconomicsandevolutionarytheory.IntroductionHayek’stheoryofspont
3、aneoussocialevolutionisgroundedonaparticularconceptofknowledge.ForHayek,therearetwokindsofknowledge:thescientificknowledgeandtheknowledgeofparticularcircumstances(1945,p.521).Thefirstkindofknowledge,beinginthedomainofspecialists,canbetransmittedandstoredbystatisticdataofacentralaut
4、hority(1945,p.524).Thesecondkindofknowledgecannotbeconsideredscientific,atleastinthesenseofgeneralvalueknowledge:itisaknowledgeofspecificfacts,ofparticularaspectsandspecial1InstituteofEconomicsoftheFederalUniversityofRiodeJaneiro-UFRJ.Av.Pasteur250,RiodeJaneiro,RJ,ZipCode:22290-240
5、,E-mail:fiani@ie.ufrj.br2cases,thatdemandstimetogetacquaintedofanditisnotfoundedsynthesized(givenitsparticularity),but,onthecontrary,diffusedandithasabigimportancetothesociety’sfunctioning(Hayek1945,p.522).Asaresult,notasingleagentisabletoaddorappropriatethatspecificknowledgespread
6、amongthesociety’sagents,anditisincorporatedtoindividual’sskillsandpractices,thus,toformalizeitoraggregateitisnotpossibleatall.But,itisanempiricalknowledgeoffundamentalrelevancetothefunctioningofeconomic2system.Thus,itwouldnotbereasonabletoinformthevariationsonthesecircumstancestoac
7、entralauthorityexpectingthedecisionaboutwhichagentsshouldbeemployedandwhatshouldbedone.So,theagentwhohasthespecificknowledgetomakehisowndecisionsfindshimselfinadistinguishedpositiontochoosewhathastobedone.Forthatreasonitisconvenienttodecentralizethedecisiontaking(Hayek1945,p.523):T
8、othisconceptofdisperseandn
