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1、ChemicalEngineeringJournal129(2007)173180De?uoridationofdrinkingwaterusingchitin,chitosanandlanthanum-modi?edchitosanSanjayP.Kamblea,SnehaJagtapa,NitinK.Labhsetwara,DilipThakarea,SamuelGodfreyb,SukumarDevottaa,SadhanaS.Rayalua,?aEnvironmentalMaterialsUnit,NationalEnvironmentalEngineeringResea
2、rchInstitute,NehruMarg,Nagpur400020,IndiabUNICEF,Bhopal,IndiaReceived16August2006;receivedinrevisedform16October2006;accepted20October2006AbstractChitin,anaturallyoccurringabundantbiopolymer,anditsdeacetylatedproductchitosanhasbeenwidelyusedformetaladsorptionfromwaterandwastewaters,buttheappl
3、icationofthesematerialsasanadsorbenttoremove?uoridefromdrinkingwaterhasseldombeenexplored.Inthisworktheapplicabilityofchitin,chitosanand20%-lanthanumincorporatedchitosan(20%La-chitosan)asadsorbentsfortheremovalofexcess?uoridefromdrinkingwaterwasstudied.Theeffectsofvariousphysico-chemicalparam
4、eterssuchaspH,adsorbentdose,initial?uorideconcentrationandthepresenceofinterferingionsonadsorptionof?uoridewerestudied.Itwasobservedthattheuptakeof?uoridewasmaximumatoriginalpH(pH6.7).Theequilibriumadsorptiondatawere?ttedreasonablywellforFreundlichisothermmodel.Thepresenceofchloride,sulfate,c
5、arbonateandbicarbonateionsindrinkingwatergreatlyaffecttheuptakeof?uorideindicatingthattheseanionscompetewithsorptionof?uorideon20%La-chitosan.Therateofadsorptionwasrapidandmaximum?uorideuptakewasattainedwithin20min.Themechanismofadsorptionof?uorideonlanthanum-modi?edchitosanisalsoexplained.Th
6、ecomparisonofuptakeof?uorideindistilledwaterand?eldwatershowsrelativelyhigheruptakeof?uorideindistilledwater.ThiscouldbeduetothecompetingeffectofotheranionspresentandhigherpHofthe?eldwater.?2006PublishedbyElsevierB.V.Keywords:De?uoridation;Chitinandmodi?edchitosan;EffectsofpHandanions;Freundl
7、ichisothermmodel;Kineticmodeling1.Introductionwaterhasalreadybecomeaveryseriousissueinmanycountries[1,4].Traditionaltreatmentmethodssuchaschemicalprecipi-Thepresenceof?uorideioninpotablewaterhasadversetationasmetalhydroxide,electrodeposition,
