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1、萬方數(shù)據(jù)ZLake&t(湖泊科學(xué)),2010,22(4):488—494http://www.jlakes.org.E-mail:jlakes@niglas.a(chǎn)c.cn@2010byJourndofLakeSc/ences基于突變理論的太湖藍(lán)藻水華危險(xiǎn)性分區(qū)評價(jià)+劉聚濤1’2,高俊峰H+,姜加虎1,許妍1”,趙家虎1’2(1:中國科學(xué)院南京地理與湖泊研究所,南京210008)(2:中國科學(xué)院研究生院,北京100049)摘要:藍(lán)藻水華暴發(fā)是湖泊生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)長期累積的結(jié)果,是系統(tǒng)營養(yǎng)經(jīng)長期演化后的極端狀態(tài).突變理論評價(jià)方法無需確定指標(biāo)權(quán)重,減少了人為主觀因素,并且計(jì)算方
2、便.本文基于突變理論,采取藍(lán)藻水華暴發(fā)的表征因子(葉綠素濃度)和導(dǎo)致藍(lán)藻水華暴發(fā)的環(huán)境因子(總氮和總磷)作為潛在危險(xiǎn)性評價(jià)指標(biāo),藍(lán)藻水華的面積、范圍以及暴發(fā)頻次作為歷史危險(xiǎn)性評價(jià)指標(biāo)建立多準(zhǔn)則藍(lán)藻水華暴發(fā)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,并結(jié)合太湖九個(gè)分區(qū)進(jìn)行藍(lán)藻水華暴發(fā)危險(xiǎn)性分區(qū)及全湖評價(jià).研究結(jié)果表明:竺山湖和西部沿岸為極重危險(xiǎn)性湖區(qū);梅粱灣為重度危險(xiǎn)性湖區(qū);南部沿岸、貢湖和大太湖為中度危險(xiǎn)性湖區(qū);箭湖東茭咀、東太湖和胥湖藍(lán)藻水華暴發(fā)危險(xiǎn)性較小,為輕微危險(xiǎn)性湖區(qū).整體上看,太湖藍(lán)藻水華暴發(fā)危險(xiǎn)性程度由輕到重基本上沿東南一西北方向變化。與營養(yǎng)鹽濃度由低到高分布趨勢相一致.根據(jù)評價(jià)結(jié)果,
3、可以明確太湖各區(qū)遭遇藍(lán)藻水華暴發(fā)危險(xiǎn)性的大小,為藍(lán)藻水華風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理和應(yīng)急處理提供科學(xué)依據(jù).關(guān)鍵詞:藍(lán)藻水華;風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià);太湖;突變理論Catastrophetheory--basedriskevaluationofblue·-greenalgaebloomofdifferentregionsinLakeTaihuLTUJutao’”,GAOJunfen91,JIANGJiahul,XUYan’’2&ZHAOJiahul'2(1:NanjingInstituteofGeographyandLimnology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing210
4、008,P.兄China)(2:GraduateUniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,BeOmg100049,P尼China)Abstract:Waterbloomistheresultsoflong—termaccumulationofnutrientsinecologicalsystem,andanextremestateasaresultofeutrophicationsystemafterlong-termevolution.,11Ieproposedmethodneedn'tdefinetheweightofevaluatio
5、nindices80thatthein-fluenceofsubjectivefactorsonassessmentcanbeminimized.Basedoncatastrophetheory,thispapertakeswaterchlorophyll—acon-centration船characterizationfactorofblue—greenalgaebloomoutbreakdegree,totalphosphorusandtotalnitrogenconcentration∞theenvironmentalfactorsofpotentialriskev
6、aluationindexes,andblue-F∞naIg神blooma陀a,extentandfrequency船thehistoricalriskevaluationindexes.Thesepm'ameterscanbeusedtoestablishamulti·criteriariskevaluationindexsystemforblue-greenalgaebloomOUtbreak.Itcarriesouttheriskevaluationcombinedwithdifferentregi螂inLakeTaihu.Theresults8hOWthatthe
7、riskinthewesterncoastofLakeZhushan,isthemostserious,heavyinMeiliangBay,moderateinsoutherncoastofC,onglluandLargeTaihu,andalmostnoneseriOUSinLakeJianhu,EastLakeTaihuandLakeXubu.Ingeneral,thedegreesofblue一卑'eenalgaebloomriskinLakeTaihuaIefromlighttoheavychangesfromthe