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1、第32卷增刊2巖土力學(xué)Vol.32Supp.22011年8月RockandSoilMechanicsAug.2011文章編號:1000-7598(2011)增刊2-0051-08我國原位地應(yīng)力測量與地應(yīng)力場分析研究進(jìn)展1,2221景鋒,盛謙,張勇慧,劉元坤(1.長江科學(xué)院水利部巖土力學(xué)與工程重點試驗室,武漢430070;2.中國科學(xué)院武漢巖土力學(xué)研究所巖土力學(xué)與工程國家重點實驗室,武漢430071)摘要:隨著我國交通、能源和水利水電等行業(yè)快速發(fā)展,在復(fù)雜地形地貌和地質(zhì)條件下興建大量巖土工程,尤其是深埋長隧道,原位地應(yīng)力測量及其相關(guān)研究逾加重要。我國自20世紀(jì)60年代首次成
2、功進(jìn)行原位地應(yīng)力實測以來,在地應(yīng)力測量及相關(guān)研究方面已取得了長足進(jìn)展。文中扼要介紹了我國地應(yīng)力測量的發(fā)展歷程,著重總結(jié)了在鉆孔應(yīng)力解除法、水壓致裂法和其他常用原位地應(yīng)力測量法及工程區(qū)初始地應(yīng)力場分析研究方面所取得的進(jìn)展,并結(jié)合我國區(qū)域構(gòu)造應(yīng)力環(huán)境和巖土工程的特點,對地應(yīng)力測量和工程區(qū)初始地應(yīng)力場研究方面的展望闡述了一點認(rèn)識。關(guān)鍵詞:地應(yīng)力;地應(yīng)力場;測量;反演;進(jìn)展中圖分類號:TU443文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:AStudyadvanceonin-sitegeostressmeasurementandanalysisofinitialgeostressfieldinChina1,222
3、1JINGFeng,SHENGQian,ZHANGYong-hui,LIUYuan-kun(1.KeyLaboratoryofGeotechnicalMechanicsandEngineeringofMinistryofWaterResources,YangtzeRiverScientificResearchInstitute,Wuhan430010,China;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofGeomechanicsandGeotechnicalEngineering,InstituteofRockandSoilMechanics,ChineseAcadem
4、yofSciences,Wuhan,430071,China;)Abstract:Withthedevelopmentoftraffic,energyandwaterresourcesandhydropowerinChina,in-sitegeostressmeasurementandcorrelativeresearcharemoreandmoreimportantformanygeotechnicalengineering;especiallyforthedeepandlongtunnels,thatwillbeconstructedintheconditionofc
5、omplicatedterrainandgeology.Afterfirstsuccessofin-sitegeostressmeasurementinthe1960s,greatdevelopmentshavebeenmadeinthefiledofin-sitegeostressmeasuringmethodandcorrelativeresearchinChina.Inthispaperthedevelopmentshistoryofin-sitegeostressmeasurementinChinaisintroducedbriefly.Theadvancesof
6、boreholestress-reliefmethod,hydraulicfracturingmethod,otherin-sitegeotressmeasurementmethodsandinversionstudyofinitialstressfieldaremainlyintroduced.Inaddition,theprospectofin-sitegeostressmeasurementandinversionmethodofinitialstressfieldinChinaaredescribedconsideringthedevelopmentcharact
7、eristicofgeotechnicalengineeringinthefuture.Keywords:geostress;geostressfield;measurement;inversionstudy;advance世紀(jì)50年代Hast在瑞典拉伊斯瓦爾鉛礦和斯堪的1引言納維亞半島4個礦區(qū)的大規(guī)模地應(yīng)力實測發(fā)現(xiàn)淺部地應(yīng)力是賦存于巖體內(nèi)的一種應(yīng)力,其不僅是地層水平應(yīng)力高于垂直應(yīng)力后,地應(yīng)力測量得到了決定區(qū)域穩(wěn)定性的重要因素,而且是各種地下或地迅速發(fā)展,僅1960-1974年間在0.5?3.0m的深鉆面開挖巖土工程變形和破壞