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1、第26卷第7期巖石力學(xué)與工程學(xué)報Vol.26No.72007年7月ChineseJournalofRockMechanicsandEngineeringJuly,2007氣干與濕潤狀態(tài)下多孔隙巖石的黏彈性特性與力學(xué)模型高秀君,大久保誠介,福井勝則(東京大學(xué)工學(xué)系研究科,日本東京113–8656)摘要:為研究多孔隙巖石的變形特性,提出一個適用于多孔隙巖石的非線形流變模型(本構(gòu)方程)。本模型是由彈簧與阻尼器串連組成,彈簧部分采用作者曾經(jīng)提出的本構(gòu)方程;代表黏性部分的阻尼器設(shè)定加載前黏度很小,隨著荷載的增加而逐漸加大。
2、在低應(yīng)力水平下的蠕變試驗中,由于彈性系數(shù)沒有明顯的下降,因而設(shè)定阻尼器的應(yīng)變與蠕變應(yīng)變相同。為驗證模型的準(zhǔn)確性,對泥質(zhì)砂巖、大谷凝灰?guī)r、田下凝灰?guī)r與河津凝灰?guī)r4類巖石分別進(jìn)行理論計算與試驗測試。對于各類巖石,計算得到的應(yīng)力–應(yīng)變曲線與實測曲線基本一致,而且用此流變模型,發(fā)現(xiàn)氣干與濕潤狀態(tài)下楊氏模量具有明顯的差異。研究結(jié)果表明,在這2種狀態(tài)下,楊氏模量的差異是由于非彈性應(yīng)變(即阻尼器的應(yīng)變)不同而引起的。在濕潤狀態(tài)下,阻尼器的應(yīng)變增加越大,楊氏模量則變得越小。即使在較低的應(yīng)力條件下,阻尼器的應(yīng)變比以往研究中所認(rèn)為的
3、應(yīng)變要大很多。關(guān)鍵詞:巖石力學(xué);多孔隙巖石;凝灰?guī)r;泥質(zhì)砂巖;蠕變;非彈性應(yīng)變;柔量;本構(gòu)方程中圖分類號:TU45文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A文章編號:1000–6915(2007)07–1325–08VISCOELASTICPROPERTIESANDAMECHANICALMODELFORPOROUSROCKSUNDERAIR-DRIEDANDWATER-SATURATEDCONDITIONSGAOXiujun,OkuboSeisuke,F(xiàn)ukuiKatsunori(DepartmentofGeosystemEngineeri
4、ng,UniversityofTokyo,Tokyo113–8656,Japan)Abstract:Viscoelasticpropertiesduringdeformationareespeciallynotableforporousrockssuchastuffandweatheredrocks.Theauthorsstudythedeformationcharacteristicsofporousrocks,andproposeanewrheologicalmodelbasedonconstitutivee
5、quationspreviouslyproposedbytheauthors.Themodelconsistsofaspringandadashpot.Itisassumedthattheconstitutiveequationdescribedinapreviousstudycanbeappliedtothespring.Theviscosityofthedashpotislowbeforeloading,andincreasesgraduallywithprogressiveloading.Increepte
6、stingatlowstresslevels,strainofthedashpothascloserelationshipwithcreepstrainbecausethespringconstantdoesnotdecreasesignificantlyatlowstresslevels.Theshapeofthestress-straincurveandtheloadingrate-dependenceofthepeakstrengthcanbeexplainedaccordingtotheproposedr
7、heologicalmodel.Tocomparethetheoreticalpredictionswiththetestresults,fourkindsofrocksincludingmuddysandstone,Oyatuff,TagetuffandKawazutuffareemployed.Thetheoreticalstress-straincurvesarewellconsistentwiththemeasuredcurves.Thekeyresultofthisstudyisthatevenatlo
8、wstressconditions,strainofthedashpotisconsiderablylargerthanthatconsideredinpreviousstudies.Bythismodel,thedifferenceofYoung′smodulibetweenair-driedandwater-saturatedconditionsiswellsimul