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1、農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報&$$’(&)*6+:1114-1118,-./012-345/-!6078/-09:0;<=8:0=:秸稈還田后土壤微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)變化的初步研究1,322232趙勇,李武,周志華,張曉君,潘迎捷,趙立平(1.南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)微生物學(xué)系,江蘇南京210095;2.上海交通大學(xué)生命科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院微生物分子生態(tài)學(xué)與基因組學(xué)實驗室,上海200240;3.上海水產(chǎn)大學(xué)食品科學(xué)學(xué)院,上海200090)摘要:通過實驗室條件下的小麥秸稈粉和油菜秸稈粉的還土試驗,結(jié)合常規(guī)的分析手段和基于DNA的分子技術(shù)(變性梯度凝膠電泳(DGGE)及測序技術(shù)),初步研究了秸稈粉還田后土壤物理化
2、學(xué)特性及生物學(xué)特性的變化。結(jié)果表明,培養(yǎng)60d后,秸稈還田土壤的肥力明顯提高,其纖維素酶活性明顯增強。DGGE圖譜表明,對照土壤(S)以及處理土壤(SW和SR),在培養(yǎng)過程中,!-Proteobacteria類細(xì)菌組成都在發(fā)生變化。對其中一個樣品的DGGE條帶進行了割膠測序,測序結(jié)果表明,大部分條帶代表的微生物是未培養(yǎng)的或不可培養(yǎng)的。采用傳統(tǒng)分離培養(yǎng)技術(shù),從秸稈還田土壤中分離了2株纖維素降解菌。以上結(jié)果說明,秸稈還田具有良好的土壤綜合效應(yīng)。關(guān)鍵詞:秸稈;纖維素酶活性;變性梯度凝膠電泳;!-Proteobacteria;纖維素降解菌中圖分類號:Q938.1文獻標(biāo)識碼:4文章
3、編號:>?@&%&$)A*&$$’+$6-1114-05ChagesofMicrobialCommuityStructureiStrawAmededSoilZHAOYong1,3,LIWu2,ZHOUZhi!hua2,ZHANGXiao!jun2,PANYing!jie3,ZHAOLi!ping2(1.DepartmentofMicrobiology,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing210095,China;2.SchoolofLifeSciencesandBiotech"nology,ShanghaiJiaoTongUniver
4、sity,Shanghai200240,China;3.SchoolofFoodScience,ShanghaiFisheriesUniversity,Shanghai201106,China)Abstract:Changesofphysical、chemicalandbiologicalcharacteristicsofsoilsamendedwithwheatandrapestrawswereana"lyzedbyeitherroutineapproachesorDNA-basedmoleculartechniques(denaturinggradientgelele
5、ctrophoresisandsequencing)underlaboratoryconditions.Theresultsshowedthataftertreatmentfor60days,fertilitiesoftheamendedsoilsincreasedsignifi"cantlyatrangefrom23.9%to52.5%invaryingitems,buttherewaslittledifferencefortheamendedsoilsfortreatmentbetweenwithwheatandrapestraw.Cellulaseactivitie
6、sinamendedsoilsweresignificantlyhigherthanthatinthecontrol,andinthefirst24days,thecellulaseactivitiesinwheatstrawamendedsoilswerehigherthanthatinsoilsamendedwithrapestraw,incontrast,after25days,thecasewasreversed.DGGEprofilesshowedthatduringtheincubationperiod,thecompositionof!-Proteobact
7、e"riainthecontrolandamendedsoilschangedvariously.TheDGGEbandsofonesampleweresequenced,anditdemonstratedthatmostofthemicroorganismsrepresentedbytheDGGEbandswereunculturedoruncultivablebacteria.Twocellulolyticbac"teriawereisolatedfromthestrawamendedsoilsbytraditionalc
