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1、中文摘要在刑事訴訟中,證人起著舉足輕重的作用,證人作證是公民的法定義務(wù),但在特別情況下,一般世界各國(guó)的法律會(huì)因?yàn)槁殬I(yè)關(guān)系、親屬關(guān)系、配偶關(guān)系等原因而免除其作證的義務(wù)。因此近親屬作證豁免權(quán)原則是證人作證制度的例外。證人制度包括證人出庭作證和證人的權(quán)利兩方面的內(nèi)容,而近親屬作證豁免權(quán)是證人制度中保障證人權(quán)利的內(nèi)容,這兩方面其實(shí)應(yīng)該受到相同的重視,但是由于受到長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)注重懲罰犯罪分子的法律觀念的深刻影響,人們只是關(guān)注證人出庭作證的問(wèn)題,而關(guān)于證人的基本權(quán)利卻避而不談。而且隨著法治建設(shè)的推進(jìn)和人權(quán)事業(yè)的發(fā)展,無(wú)論是國(guó)際社會(huì),還是我國(guó)都更加重視公民權(quán)利,司法制度和實(shí)踐中的價(jià)值觀念也由
2、最初的懲罰犯罪分子轉(zhuǎn)向了懲罰犯罪分子與保障人權(quán)雙重的目的。因此賦予近親屬作證豁免權(quán)具有深遠(yuǎn)的影響和意義,它有利于保護(hù)血緣關(guān)系,維護(hù)婚姻家庭和諧,有利于對(duì)犯罪分子進(jìn)行教育,也符合當(dāng)今世界保障人權(quán)的理念。無(wú)論我國(guó)古代封建社會(huì)還是現(xiàn)代西方國(guó)家對(duì)于近親屬作證豁免權(quán)都普遍認(rèn)可并有相關(guān)的法律規(guī)定,正是因?yàn)樵撛瓌t的多元價(jià)值和現(xiàn)代刑事證據(jù)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì),我國(guó)現(xiàn)行刑事訴訟法對(duì)近親屬作證豁免權(quán)也進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的立法規(guī)定,但是仍有許多不足之處。因此我國(guó)的立法者應(yīng)該根據(jù)我國(guó)目前的立法情況,在吸收西方國(guó)家的先進(jìn)做法和經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步完善近親屬作證豁免權(quán),從而完善我國(guó)的刑事證據(jù)制度。關(guān)鍵詞:刑事證人作證;
3、證人作證豁免權(quán);近親屬作證豁免權(quán)黑龍江大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文AbstractInTheCriminalProceedings,Thewitnessplaysanimportantrole,Thelegalobligationofwitnessestotestifyisacitizen.Butinspecialcases,Generallawsaroundtheworldwillbeforreasonssuchasprofessionalrelationshipspouserelationshipfromthetestimonyofobligations.Socloserelati
4、vestotestifyimmunityprincipleissystemofwitnessestotestifyexceptions.Thewitnesssystemincludestwoaspectsoftherightsofthewitnesstotestifyandwitnesses,Concreteisthewitnessandcloserelativestotestifyimmunitysystem,protecttherightsofthewitness,Thesetwoaspectsinfactshouldbebroughttotheattentionoft
5、hesame,Butduetolongattentiontopunishthecriminallawideaofprofoundinfluence,Peopleonlyfocusontheproblemsoftestimonyofthewitnessestoappearincourt,Andaboutthewitness’basicrights.Andwiththedevelopmentoftheruleoflawconstructionandthedevelopmentofthecauseofhumanrights,Whethertheintemationalcommun
6、ity,Oralemoreemphasisoncivilrightsinourcountry.Legalsystemandpracticethevaluesfromtheoriginalpunishmentinthecriminaltopunishcriminalsandguaranteehumanrightsdualpurpose.Socloserelativestotestifyimmunityofrightshasfar-reachinginfluenceandsignificance.Itishelpfultoprotectthebloodrelationship,
7、Inordertomaintaintheharmonyofmarriage,Isadvantageoustotheeducationofcriminals,Intoday’Sworldalsoaccordwiththeideaofprotectinghumanrights,RegardlessofthefeudalsocietyofancientChinaormodemwesterncountriesforcloserelativestotestifyimmunityandiswidelyrecognizedbyr