資源描述:
《聚丙烯酸鈉及其螯合改進(jìn)型絮凝劑的制備與性能研究》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在學(xué)術(shù)論文-天天文庫(kù)。
1、中南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文聚丙烯酸鈉及其螯合改進(jìn)型絮凝劑的制備與性能研究姓名:梁璀申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專(zhuān)業(yè):化學(xué)工程指導(dǎo)教師:鐘宏20060509碩士學(xué)位論文摘要含異羥肟酸基團(tuán)的水溶性聚合物由于具有迅速而牢固的螯合作用而倍受重視,特別是同時(shí)含有異羥肟酸基團(tuán)和丙烯酸基團(tuán)的異羥肟酸化聚合物,能在赤泥沉降中獲得更好的絮凝效果。然而,由于聚丙烯酸及其鹽的異羥肟酸化反應(yīng)不易發(fā)生等原因,目前國(guó)內(nèi)外直接由聚丙烯酸或聚甲基丙烯酸制備含異羥肟酸基團(tuán)聚合物的方法報(bào)道很少。因此,論文首先改進(jìn)了河南省中州鋁廠原有的丙烯酸鈉聚合引發(fā)體系及工藝條件,制得的聚丙烯酸鈉產(chǎn)品相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量達(dá)到147
2、0萬(wàn),比該廠原有產(chǎn)品相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量提高了2倍。在此基礎(chǔ)上,論文重點(diǎn)研究了合成含異羥肟酸基團(tuán)的聚丙烯酸鈉的一種新方法,將高相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量的水溶性聚丙烯酸鈉粉體分散在極性有機(jī)溶劑中,分別與烷基化試劑和羥胺溶液進(jìn)行非均相的酯化反應(yīng)和異羥肟酸化反應(yīng)。酯化反應(yīng)完成后,產(chǎn)物無(wú)需分離,直接加入羥胺溶液進(jìn)行非均相的異羥肟酸化反應(yīng),制得高相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量的含異羥肟酸基團(tuán)的聚丙烯酸鈉。較優(yōu)的酯化反應(yīng)條件為,反應(yīng)溫度:50℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間:3h。較優(yōu)的肟化反應(yīng)條件為,反應(yīng)溫度:35℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間:3h,反應(yīng)pn值:7,鹽酸羥胺用量,聚丙烯酸酯中酯基摩爾數(shù):2。該方法具有原料易得、反應(yīng)條件溫和
3、、反應(yīng)過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)便、反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物易干燥等特點(diǎn)。所得改性產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用于氧化鋁生產(chǎn)的赤泥沉降分離,能夠顯著提高鋁酸鈉溶液的澄清度。關(guān)鍵詞赤泥絮凝劑,聚丙烯酸鈉,異羥肟酸型聚丙烯酸鈉,合成l}『、一:’一.▲碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTTheproductionofhydroxamategroupcontainingpolymershasbecomeofincreasedimportanceinthelastfewyears,mostlyduetotheexcellentchelatingperformanceofsuchpolymers.Ithasbeenreported
4、thatthepolymerswhichcontainbothhydroxamategroupsandacrylicacidgroupsweremoreeffectiveintheprimarysettlers.However,astheacrylatepolymersCannotbehydroxamatedeasily,therearefewreportsonthepreparationofthehydroxamatedacrylatepolymersdirectlybypoly(acrylicacid)orpoly(methacrylicacid)at
5、present.Accordingly,amethodofsynthesizingthehydroxamatedacrylatepolymersWasstudiedinthispaper.Firstly,Toprovidehi曲molecularpoly(acrylicacid)asrawmaterialsofthehydroxamation,the0dg抽alinitiationsystemaswellastheprocessofpreparingpoly(sodiumacrylate)inZhongZhoualuminumfactoryWasmodif
6、ied.Therelativemolecularweightofthepoly(sodiumacrylate)synthesizedcouldbeupt014.7million,whichWas2timesthanthatoftheproductpreparedbythefactory.Thenthepoly(sodiumacrylate)Washydroxamated.Theprocesscomprisedestifyhagheterogeneouslypoly(sodiumacrylate)thereofhavingamolecularweightdi
7、spersedinthepolarorganicsolventtoprovideallacrylicacidalkylacrylatepolymer.TheesterificationWascarriedoutbyreactingtheacrylicacidpolymerswithanalkylatingagenttoconvertatleastaportionoftheacrylicacidgroupstothecorrespondingesters.Aftertheesterification,theresultantneedn’tbeseparate
8、dandcouldbedirectlyheterogeneoush