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1、摘要隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速增長(zhǎng),城市化、工業(yè)化不斷加劇,一系列環(huán)境問(wèn)題也隨之出現(xiàn),地下水受到污染的情況愈演愈烈。由于地下水自身的特點(diǎn),使得其污染后不易治理,加上污染源的復(fù)雜多樣,地下水污染后的治理工作更加困難。因此,如何防止地下水進(jìn)一步惡化就尤為重要,其中健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)能夠?yàn)榈叵滤廴痉乐翁峁┛茖W(xué)依據(jù)。本文依據(jù)NAS四步法對(duì)淮河流域南陽(yáng)市地下水中的部分污染物質(zhì)進(jìn)行了地下水污染的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià),包括有機(jī)污染物DDT、六六六,無(wú)機(jī)污染物硝酸鹽及亞硝酸鹽和重金屬錳,得到了特征污染物的致癌及非致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)值,并采用蒙特卡羅方法對(duì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了不確定性分析,得到了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)概率
2、分布,使評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果更為可靠。結(jié)果表明,研究區(qū)地下水中的亞硝酸鹽的非致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)水平相對(duì)較高,DDT、硝酸鹽和錳的非致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)水平較低,對(duì)人體危害相對(duì)較小,但也不能忽視。六六六的致癌及非致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)都不高,在人體可接受范圍,不過(guò)仍然需要加強(qiáng)管理,及時(shí)治理并防止其惡化。研究區(qū)西部和北部地區(qū)地下水污染較輕,東部和南部污染較重,南陽(yáng)市區(qū)由于工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)、人口聚集,人類(lèi)活動(dòng)對(duì)地下水影響較大,致使地下水污染嚴(yán)重。關(guān)鍵詞:南陽(yáng)市,地下水,污染,健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià),不確定性IAbstractWiththerapidgrowthofeconomy,theurbanizationan
3、dindustrializationprocessisspeeding.Aseriesofenvironmentalproblemsalsoemerge,thesituationofgroundwatercontaminationbecomesmoreandmoreserious.Duetocharacteristicsofgroundwater,itisdifficulttomanageoncetheyarecontaminated.Withthecomplexandvariedsourcesofcontamination,themanag
4、ementofground-waterpollutionbecomesmoredifficult.Therefore,topreventfurtherdeteriorationofgroundwaterisparticularlyimportant,andthehealthriskassessmentcanprovideascientificbasisforgroundwaterpollutioncontrol.TheissuemakestheNASfourstepsasthefoundation,accesshealthrisksofsom
5、epollutantsingroundwaterofHuaiRiverbasinnearNangyang.IncludingorganicpollutantsDDT,BHC,inorganicpollutantsnitrate,nitriteandheavymetalMn.Accesstothetypicalpollutantsofcarcinogenicandnon-carcinogensvalueatrisk,andusetheMonteCarlomethodtodotheuncertaintyanalysisfortheresults,
6、obtainedtheriskprobabilitydistribution,whichmakestheresultsofassessmentmorereliable.Theresultsshowthatnitriteinthegroundwaterareonahighernon-carcinogenicrisklevelintheresearchregion.DDT,NitriteandMnareonalowerlevelofnon-carcinogenicrisk,althoughrelativelylesserharmfultohuma
7、nbody,butalsocannotbeignored.Andthecarcinogenicandnon-carcinogenicriskofBHCislow,itiswithintherangewhichhumanbodycanaccept.Butitstillneedstostrengthenmanagement,controlintimeandpreventthedeterioration.Thegroundwaterofthenorthandwestregioninthestudyareaisslightlypolluted,whi
8、letheeasternandsouthernregionisheavier.ThemostseriouspollutionarealieinNanyangcity