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1、本科畢業(yè)論文外文原文外文題目：CarbonFinanceforLow-CarbonCommunityDevelopmentinEastAsia出處：InstituteforGlobalEnvironmentalStrategies(IGES)作者：HidenoriNakamura,PolicyResearcher,PolicyandGovernanceTeam原文：Low-carbondevelopmentisrequiredinEastAsiatoachievedevelopmentconstrainedbyenergyavailabilityandtomitigateanticip
2、atedclimatechange.Incorporatingclimatechangemitigationintocommunitydevelopmenteffortsisimportanttohelpputcountriesonalow-carbondevelopmentalpathway.However,thisisnoteasytoachieve,andoneofthemajorobstaclesisfinance.Inmanydevelopingcountries,localfundingsourcesarescarce.Toaddressthisobstacle,thiss
3、tudyexploresthepotentialtousenewformsofcarbonfinancefromdevelopedcountries,suchascarboncreditsandvoluntarycarbonoffsetswhichhaverecentlybeenbeingoperatinginpractice,inordertosupportlow-carboncommunitydevelopmentprojectsindevelopingcountries.Thisstudytriestoaddressseveralquestions.Whatisthestateo
4、fcarbonfinanceforlow-carboncommunitydevelopmentprojectsinEastAsiandevelopingcountrieswheretheprojectshavedevelopmentalbenefitstothecommunityaswellasgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsreductioneffects?Arethereanylow-carboncommunitydevelopmentprojectsthatarefinancedbyeithernot-for-profitfinance(i.e.,loans
5、whichdonotseekfinancialreturns),orcontributionsbynon-profitorganisations(NPOs)andfoundationsindevelopedcountries?Howcanprojectproponents–eitherlocalgovernmentsorprivateorganizations–betterutilisecarbonfinanceforlow-carboncommunitydevelopmentprojects?Whatcouldotherstakeholders,suchasnationalgover
6、nmentsandinternationalorganisations,dotosupportsuchlocalinitiatives?Thisreportexaminestheabovequestionsanddiscussesimplicationsforlocalactors,inparticularlocalgovernments,whoarepromotinglow-carbondevelopmentintheareasofenergy,wasteandtransport,anddevelopspolicysuggestionsfornationalandinternatio
7、nalpublicinstitutionstosupportsuchlocalactorsinselectedEastAsiandevelopingcountries,i.e.thePhilippines,IndonesiaandChina.Toanswerthesequestions,threecountrycasestudieswereconducted,includingnation-widepreliminarysurveysandin
