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1、天津大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文異丁烷脫氫制異丁催化劑的研究姓名:張波申請學(xué)位級別:碩士專業(yè):化學(xué)工程指導(dǎo)教師:姜忠義2000.1.1中文提要本文以異丁烷脫氫制異丁烯為實驗體系,以釩氧物種為主要活性組分,選用氧化鋁為載體,用堿(土)、稀土、過渡金屬調(diào)變催化劑,探討了催化劑的組成、結(jié)構(gòu)及催化劑的合成條件等對催化劑性能的影響。對影響因素進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,確定了異丁烷脫氫制異丁烯反應(yīng)適宜的操作條件,并借助XRD,TPR,UVDRS,TGA,BET比表面等手段對催化劑的結(jié)果做了進(jìn)一步的分析表征。研究表明,載體的選擇及處理和催化劑的組成以及制備方法對催化劑的性能有很大影響
2、。(經(jīng)750。C焙燒的Y-A]203,在pH=4的條件下,通過浸漬法合成的V20。/YA1。0。催化劑,當(dāng)GHSV=IOOOh、反應(yīng)溫度為590。C時有很好的活性,選擇性較高。當(dāng)釩含量為12WT%時催化劑的活性及選擇性均較好,經(jīng)XRD等分析表征表明,催化劑的高活性與V20。的高分散及特定的組成和結(jié)構(gòu)(Vl00286)有關(guān)。鎂的加入能提高催化劑的活性但會降低催化劑的穩(wěn)定性;鉀的加入能提高催化劑的活性和選擇性;稀土金屬鑭的加入對催化劑的選擇性影響不大,但能抑制積炭,故可提高催化劑的穩(wěn)定性;在釩催化劑上進(jìn)行臨氫脫氫,降低了催化劑的活性,但其選擇性大大
3、提高,并可提高其穩(wěn)定性;加入鉛使催化劑的活性及選擇性改善。17關(guān)鍵詞:異丁烷脫氫異丁烯催化劑AbstractInthiSpaper.thecatalystsusingvanadiumoxideastheactivecomponent,aluminumoxideasthecarrierandalkaline(一earth)metal,rareearthmetalandtransitionmetalastheregulatingadditiveswaspreparedfordehydrogenationofisobutanetoproduceiso
4、butene.Meanwhi1e.theeffectofcatalystcomposition,structureandsyntheticconditionuponcatalystperformancewerediscussed.TheSUitablereactionconditionsfordehydrogenationofisobutaneweredeterminedthroughoptimizationoffactorsaffectingthecatalystperformance,andthecatalystwasfurtherchar
5、acterizedandanalyzedbymeansofXRD、TPR、UVDRS、TGA、BETetc.Theresu]tsshowedthatthecatalystperformancewassignificantlyaffectedbytheinherentpropertiesandprocessingconditionsofcatalystcarrier,thecompositionandthepreparationmethodsofcatalyst.Throughthemethodofsoak—diping,theY-A1203ca
6、lcinatedat750。CandpH=4,wasincorporatedintoV205/A1203catalystwhichexhibitedhighcatalyticactivityandselectivitywhenGHSV=1000h~.thetemperatureofreactionwas590℃,andvanadiumcontentwas12wt%ofcatalyst.The,characterizationbyXRDandothermethodsshowedthatthehighcatalyticactivitywasrela
7、tedtothehighdispersionofV205aswellasitsspecificcompositionandstructure(V100286一).TheadditionofMgincreasedtheactivtryofcatalystbutdecreasedtheselectivityofcatalystandtheadditionofKimprovedtheactivityandselectiVityofcatalystandtheadditionofrareearthmentalLadidnothaveobviOUSeff
8、ectontheselectiVitytoisobutenebutCOUldinhibitthedepositionofthecarbon,andin