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1、天津大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文雜醇油分離提純新工藝研究姓名:劉寶菊申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專業(yè):化學(xué)工藝指導(dǎo)教師:李淑芬20021201摘要雜醇油是發(fā)酵法生產(chǎn)酒精的副產(chǎn)物,主要由水、異戊醇、異丁一醇、正丙醇、乙醇和癸酸乙酯等十多種物質(zhì)組成。雜醇油中的水分子與各種醇之間均能形成共沸物,采用直接精餾方法分離C2~C;醇非常困難。目前酒精企業(yè)一般采用鹽析法脫水預(yù)處理雜醇油,然后再對(duì)其進(jìn)行分離提純。該方法存在著C2~c。醇組分收率低和污染環(huán)境等問題。本文根據(jù)雜醇油中各組分相互影響的精餾特性,首次提出了采用分子篩氣相脫水與精餾相結(jié)合的分離提純方案。根據(jù)
2、Langmuir-Freundlich模型對(duì)雜醇油吸附過程中溫度、壓力、空速等操作條件進(jìn)行了分析討論和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,確定了雜醇油中水含量由10.1%降至0.08%過程的吸附脫水適宜的操作條件:吸附空速:0.15h1吸附壓力:0.2MPa吸附溫度:220℃分子篩吸附時(shí)間:18min本文還依據(jù)分離順序的經(jīng)驗(yàn)規(guī)則,首次采用PRO/II5.6模擬計(jì)算軟件分別對(duì)雜醇油經(jīng)分子篩吸附脫水預(yù)處理后的三個(gè)精餾分離方案,以及雜醇油未經(jīng)脫水預(yù)處理的直接精餾分離方案進(jìn)行了模擬計(jì)算及方案比較,確定了操作費(fèi)用和固定費(fèi)用總和最低的優(yōu)化分離方案。該方案與未經(jīng)脫水
3、預(yù)處理的直接精餾分離工藝相比經(jīng)濟(jì)效益明顯。按年處理雜醇油2000噸計(jì)算,前者年經(jīng)濟(jì)效益為970萬(wàn)元,比后者多收益371萬(wàn)元,實(shí)現(xiàn)了雜醇油的高效利用。本文對(duì)雜醇油分子篩脫水預(yù)處理及精餾提純工藝的優(yōu)化研究,為雜醇油的分離提純提供了一條經(jīng)濟(jì)合理及環(huán)境友好的新工藝路線,也為其進(jìn)一步工業(yè)化提供了必要的理論支持和計(jì)算依據(jù)。關(guān)鍵詞:雜醇油分子篩吸附解吸模擬AbstractFuseloilisaby-productoffermentationprocesstoproduceethanol,inwhichthemainingredientsar
4、ewater,isoamylalcohol,isobutanol,ethanol,ethylcaprateandSOon.ThereexistazeotropebetweenwaterandC2~C5alcoholrespectively.ItisdifficulttoseparateC2~C5alcoholsbydirectdistillation.Salt—outprocesswasusedgenerallyforpretreatmentoffuseloilinordertoseparateandpurifythealco
5、holsfromfuseloil.ThisprocesshassomedisadvantagessuchaslowrecoveryofC2~C5alcoholsmadenvironmentalpollution.AccordingtotheintereacfionalcharacteristicsbetweenwaterandC2~C5alcohols.a(chǎn)newprocessofseparationandpurificationWasadvancedforthefirsttimeinthispaper,whichcombine
6、dthemolecularsievedehydrationofvaporphasewithdistillation,BasedonLangrnuir-Freundlichmodel,theoperationalconditionssuchastemperature,pressureandairspeedwereanalyzedandvalidatedinmolecularsievedehydrationofvaporphaseprocess.Thesuitableoperationparametersofwaterconcen
7、trationdecreasingfrom10.1%toO.08%inadsorptivedehydrationprocessweredeterminedasfollows:airspeed:O.15h1adsorptivepressure:0.2MPaadsorptivetemperature:220。C;timeformolecularsieveadsorption:18minAccordingtothepracticalrulesofseparationsequence,threedistillationprocesso
8、ffuseloilofpretreatmentbymolecularsievedehydrationweresimulatedbysimulatingsoft,PRO/II5.6.Theseparationprocessofdirectdistillationwasalsoc