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1、湖南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文粉質(zhì)土路基邊坡降雨穩(wěn)定研究姓名：李青海申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別：碩士專業(yè)：巖土工程指導(dǎo)教師：蘇永華20070525碩士學(xué)位論文摘要路基邊坡坡面沖刷是指坡面表層土體在降雨及其形成的坡面流作用下破壞流失的現(xiàn)象。它是公路領(lǐng)域最為常見的一種病害，但是對(duì)公路路基邊坡沖刷問題的研究卻很少。作為工程特性較差的粉質(zhì)土路基，其坡面沖刷問題尤其嚴(yán)重。本文針對(duì)這類路基邊坡，從理論和試驗(yàn)兩個(gè)方面來展開對(duì)其沖刷特性的研究，本論文的主要工作內(nèi)容如下：(1)系統(tǒng)分析和研究公路路基邊坡坡面沖刷影響因素，并用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度分析理論確定各影響因素
2、對(duì)邊坡沖刷穩(wěn)定影響的大小，確定主要影響邊坡坡面沖刷的敏感因素。(2)分析坡面沖刷過程中土的受力特征，建立了均質(zhì)粉質(zhì)土路基邊坡起動(dòng)拖曳力公式，研究路基邊坡的沖刷產(chǎn)生條件。分析了降雨擊濺和坡面徑流侵蝕兩類坡面沖刷作用過程的能量轉(zhuǎn)換和平衡，并推導(dǎo)了斜坡上徑流作用下推移質(zhì)和懸移質(zhì)的挾沙力公式，從理論上探討了路基邊坡坡面沖刷的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展。(3)開展室內(nèi)模型試驗(yàn)，定量研究坡面沖刷影響因素對(duì)路基邊坡沖刷穩(wěn)定性的影響作用。(4)考慮降雨的影響，運(yùn)用可靠度理論對(duì)路基邊坡的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。關(guān)鍵詞：粉質(zhì)土；路基邊坡；坡面沖刷；灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分
3、析；可靠度；Ⅱ粉質(zhì)土路基邊坡降雨穩(wěn)定研究ABSTRACTSubgradeslopesurfaceerosionisdefinedasaphenomenonwhichrainrunoffdestroyssubgradeslopesurface,andwashesawaysoilonthesurfaceofslope.Itisthemostcommonprobleminthefieldofhighway.However,itisstudiedinsufficiently.Andonlyafewresearchworki
4、sreportedintheliterature.Assiltysoilsubgradewhoseengineeringcharacteristicsisofasort,it’sslopeerosionismoreseriousthanothers.Inthisarticle,aimingatsiltysoilsubgradeslope,theauthortriestostudyontheerosioncharacteristicsofthesiltysoilsubgradeslopefromtheoryandex
5、perimentation.Themainresultsaresummarizedinwhatfollows:(1)Erosioninfluencefactorsonsiltysoilsubgradeslopeareanalysedandstudiedsystematically,thedegreeoferosioninfluencefactorsareconfirmedbyGreyIncidenceAnalysistheory,soastomakesurewhichfactoristhesensitivefact
6、or.(2)Theforcefeaturesofsoilonslopesurfaceduringscouringprocessareanalyzed.Atheoreticalformulationofincipientmotiondragforceisdevelopedfortheuniformsiltysoilsubgradeslope,theerosioncommencingconditionsofsiltysoilsubgradeslope,andtheenergyexchangeandbalanceofer
7、osionprocessonraindropspatteringandrunoffscouringarestudied.Also,formulationsoftherunoffsediment-carryingcapabilityonslopebedloadandsuspendedloadarederived.Theoreticaldiscussionsfortheoccurrenceanddevelopmentoferosiononsiltysoilsubgradeslopearegiven.(3)Aindoor
8、modelexperimentationiscarriedthrough,Erosioninfluencefactorsonsiltysoilsubgradeslopeareanalysedquantificationally.(4)Theinfluenceofrainisconsidered,Byusingreliabilitytheory,thestab
