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1、1.isnotatypeofcharter-party.A.Atimecharter-partyB.Acharter-partybydemiseC.ThecharteroftheUnitedNationsD.Avoyagecharter-party2.Twovesselsareapproachingeachothernearheadon.Whatactionshouldbetakentoavoidcollision?A.thevesselmakingtheslowerspeedshouldgivewayB.Bothvesselsshouldaltercoursetoport
2、C.BothvesselsshouldaltercoursetostarboardD.thefirstvesseltosighttheothershouldgiveway3.Mainlyeast3or4partlycloudytoovercastoccasionalrainslowlysouthmoderateorgood.A.boundingforB.goingtoC?spreadingD.proceedingThereisclearlyadesirebyshippingcompaniestoincreaseefficiencyoftheseafarerbytheintr
3、oductionofECDIS.Thisincreasedefficiencycanbeachievedonwatchbyheavingallthenavigationalinformationinacentralsourceoffwatchitisincreasedbyreducingthetimetakentocompletechartupdatingandpassageplanning.TheMAIBreportidentifiesfatigueofthewatch-keepingaoneofthemaincausesofmarineincidents.IfECDIS
4、reducefatiguebyimprovingefficiencybothonwatchandoffwatch,thesystemwilldirectlycontributetosafety.ThesamereportalsostatedthatthehydrographiccommunityshouldbandtogethertopromoteECDISasafactortoimprovesafetyandefficiency.Infact,new,ECDIS-enableproceduresmayallowmanyshippingcompaniestobetterma
5、nagetheircoreoperations,frombetterweather:routingtoincreasedvoyageoptimizationandincreasedintegrationtoothershipboardsystemsthataffectoperationalefficiency.(1)WhyaretheshippingcompanieswillingtointroducetheECDIS?A.TheintroductionofECDISwillhelpadministrationmonitorthesafetyB.TheuseofECDISw
6、illhelpreducetheotherequipmentonboardC.TheuseofECDISwillhelpimproveefficiencyD.TheinstructionofECDISwillhelpseafarersacquirenewtechnology(2)WhatisthemainreasonofmarineincidentsclaimsbyMAIBreport?A.TheseafarersondutyareofinadequacytoknowledgeB.TheseafarersondutyareunderfatigueconditionC.The
7、seafarersondutyaredoingsomethingunrelatedtosafetynavigationD.Theseafarersondutyareofbeingwillfullycommitted.(3)WhatrolesdonotECDIS-enabledproceduresplayinshippingindustry?A.ItcanbespeedupshipsturnaroundB.ItcanbettercombinewithothershipboardsystemsC.Itcanoptimi
