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1、圓園15，34（3）:599-605農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報2015年3月允燥怎則灶葬造燥棗粵早則燥鄄耘灶增蚤則燥灶皂藻灶賊雜糟蚤藻灶糟藻早稻灌漿乳熟期蓄水灌溉對產(chǎn)量及溫室氣體排放的影響傅志強，龍攀，劉依依，謝天洋，龍文飛，鐘娟（湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院，長沙410128）摘要：為給湖南雙季稻區(qū)稻田蓄水采用“早水晚用”的節(jié)水栽培模式提供理論依據(jù)，于早稻灌漿乳熟期起保持稻田不同的灌水深度（10、15、20cm），通過大田試驗探討不同灌水深度對早稻產(chǎn)量及溫室氣體排放的影響。結(jié)果表明：與常規(guī)水管理相比，灌深水有利于提高光合速率，但降低了結(jié)實率
2、和千粒重，使產(chǎn)量減少3.1%~5.7%，但差異不顯著；灌深水增加了62.7%~113.6%的CH4累積排放量，減少了63.1%~84.1%的N2O累積排放量，差異顯著。各灌水處理中以灌水深10cm增排量最高，隨著灌水深度增加增溫潛勢降低，各灌水處理的增溫潛勢超出常規(guī)水管理57.2%~96.6%。根據(jù)湖南降雨季節(jié)分布規(guī)律，加高加固田埂后，早稻成熟期蓄積20cm深水有利于雙季稻區(qū)晚稻種植和節(jié)水。但蓄深水增加了CH4排放，對此有待進(jìn)一步深入研究減排措施。關(guān)鍵詞：早稻；蓄水深度；產(chǎn)量；溫室氣體中圖分類號：X16文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A文章編
3、號：1672-2043（2015）03-0599-07doi:10.11654/jaes.2015.03.025RiceYieldsandGreenhouseGasEmissionsasInfluencedbyStandingWaterDepthsatMilkingStageofEarlyRiceFUZhi-qiang,LONGPan,LIUYi-yi,XIETian-yang,LONGWen-fei,ZHONGJuan（AgronomyCollegeofHunanAgriculturalUniversity,Changs
4、ha410128,China）Abstract：Ricefieldscontributesubstantiallytogreenhousegasemissions,andwatermanagementsaffectthiscontribution.Inthisstudy,afieldexperimentwasdesignedtoexaminetheeffectsofirrigationwateronyieldsandgreenhousegasemissionsbykeepingdifferentdepthsofstandi
5、ngwater（10cm,15cm,and20cm）inpaddyfieldfrommilkingtomaturitystageofearlyrice.Comparedtotraditionalwaterregime（CK）,deepstandingwaterimprovedplantphotosyntheticrate,butreducedseedsettingrateand1000-grainweight,resultingin3.1%~5.7%reductionofriceyieldswithnosignifican
6、tdifference.However,deepstandingwatertreatmentsincreasedthecumulativeCH4emissionby62.7%~113.6%,butdecreasedthecumulativeN2Oemissionby63.1%~84.1%,comparedtothecontrol.Significantdifferenceswerefoundamongthetreatments.Theglobalwarmingpotential（GWP）ofCH4andN2Owasfoun
7、dtobethehighestinthe10cmdepthofstandingwater.Thedeeperthestandingwater,thelowerGWPswereobserved.Overall,theGWPwas57.2%~96.6%higherindeepstand原ingwaterthaninCK.Inconclusion,holding20cmdepthwaterinearlyricefieldwouldbenefitlatericecultivationinthedouble-seasonricear
8、eaofHunanProvince.FurtherstudyisnecessaryonreducingCH4emissionfromdeepstandingwaterpaddyfield.Keywords：earlyrice;deepstandingwater;yields;greenhousegase
