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1、UNIT9PHOTOGRAMMETRYRichardBurns,PLSCaltransGeometronicsIntroductionTheManualofPhotogrammetrydefinesphotogrammetryas,“theart,science,andtechnologyofobtainingreliableinformationaboutphysicalobjectsandtheenvironmentthroughprocessesofrecording,measuring,andinterpretingphotographicimagesandpatternsofel
2、ectromagneticradiantenergyandotherphenomena.”Landsurveyorsareprimarilyconcernedwiththephotogrammetricapplicationsinvolvingaerialphotographyusedfortopographicmapping,includingthegroundlocationofphysicalobjects,linesandpoints,andthedeterminationofearthworkquantities.TheLandSurveyorsActincludeswithin
3、thedefinitionofsurveyingpracticethedeterminationofthe“configurationorcontouroftheearth’ssurfaceorthepositionoffixedobjectsthereon”byphotogrammetricmethods.Landsurveyorsmustbeabletousethebasicprinciplesofphotogrammetrynecessaryforflightandgroundcontrolplanningtoensurethatphotogrammetricprojectswill
4、meetNationalMapAccuracyStandardsorotherproject-specificstandards.CaltransLS/LSITVideoExamPreparationCoursePerformanceExpectedontheExamsChangescalesgivenasaratiotoscalesgiveninftperin.Explainthedifferencebetweenlarge-andsmall-scalemapping.Calculatetheflyingheightnecessaryforagivenphotoscale.Explain
5、theconceptofC-factor.StateNationalMapAccuracyStandards.Givenrequiredmappingscale,contourinterval,andprojectlimits,determinethemostefficientflightplanandgroundcontrolnetforaphotogrammetricproject.KeyTermsFocallengthNeatmodelFiducialmarksOverlapNegativeformatSidelapPhotoscaleGroundcontrolMapscalePre
6、markContourintervalFlightlineLargescaleCrabSmallscaleStereovisionRatioscaleBlockFlightheightHalationC-factorSpotelevationsTerrainheightPlannimetricsDatumheightAreotriangulationBasesheetsPhotoidentificationNationalMapAccuracyStandards9-2PhotogrammetryVideoPresentationOutlinePhotography?Cameras?Foca
7、llengthf=6"Terrainf=12"DatumScale:Scale:1"=250'1"=125'9"x9"9"x9"PhotographPhotographFigure9-1.Relationoffocallengthtoareacoverage.?Aerialphotographs9-3CaltransLS/LSITVideoExamPreparationCourseScale?Expressionofsc
