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1、第32卷第2期V()l_32NO22016年4月Apt2016中國(guó)北方山區(qū)水庫(kù)與引黃水庫(kù)富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化特征侯偉,孫韶華,賈瑞寶山東省城市供排水水質(zhì)監(jiān)測(cè)中心,山東濟(jì)南250021摘要:于2012年10月一2叭3年8月對(duì)中國(guó)北方地區(qū)2種典型水庫(kù):山區(qū)水庫(kù)(臥虎山、錦繡川)和引黃水庫(kù)(鵲山、玉清)進(jìn)行了采樣調(diào)查,對(duì)其水質(zhì)特征和富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析研究。結(jié)果表明:2類水庫(kù)水質(zhì)的最大差異在于山區(qū)水庫(kù)的氯含量顯著高于引黃水庫(kù),這主要與水源、氮素來源和水庫(kù)的進(jìn)水方式有關(guān)。山區(qū)水庫(kù)中sD與藻類生物量、TP關(guān)系密切;而引黃水庫(kù)中,影響
2、SD的環(huán)境因素較復(fù)雜,除藻類生物量和氮、磷外,堿度和水溫也與SD密切相關(guān)。全年水平E上,臥虎山水庫(kù)營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀態(tài)指數(shù)顯著高于其他水庫(kù),屬中一富營(yíng)養(yǎng)水體,錦繡川水庫(kù)、鵲山水庫(kù)和玉清水庫(kù)均屬中營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平。中l(wèi)。V時(shí)間上,同類型水庫(kù)的營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀態(tài)指數(shù)季節(jié)變化基本一致。參與營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀態(tài)計(jì)算的4個(gè)因子中,Chla和TN對(duì)營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀態(tài)指數(shù)國(guó)的貢獻(xiàn)最大,表明這兩者是引起2類水庫(kù)營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀態(tài)加重的重要原因。典型的水源及進(jìn)水方式、流域人類活動(dòng)類型和強(qiáng)度a環(huán)是影響山區(qū)水庫(kù)和引黃水庫(kù)營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀態(tài)的主要外部因素。O關(guān)鍵詞:山區(qū)水庫(kù);引黃水庫(kù);營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽;氮素來源;流
3、域境r中圖分類號(hào):X824文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文章編號(hào):1002—6002(2016)02—0058—06監(jiān)測(cè)aEutr0phicatiOnandWaterCharacteristicsofMountainandYellowRiverReservoirsinNorthernChinaHOUWei,SUNShaohua,JIARuibaoUrbanWaterMonitoringCentreofShandongProvince,Jinan250021Abstract:Asurveyofeutrophicationandw
4、atercharacteristicsoftwotyipalreservoirs,mountainreservoirs(Wohushan,Jinxiuchuan)andYellowRiverreservoirs(Queshan,Yuqing),inNorthernChinawascarriedoutfromOctober2012toAugust2013.Amajor~undingfromourstudyisthatnitrogenconcentrationinmountainousreservoirwasmuc
5、hhigherthanthatinYellowRiverreservoirs,whichisrelatedtowatersources,nitrogensourcesandwayofreservoirinflow.Secchidepth(SD)showedasignificantcorelationwithalgalbiomassandtotalphosphorus(TP)inmountainousreservoirs,whiletotalalkalinity(TA)andwatertemperaturewas
6、significantlycorelatedwithSDinYellowRiverreservoirsexceptalgalbiomss,nitrogenandphosphorus.Duringtheannualyear,trophiclevelindex(TLI)inWohushanReservoir(47)wassignificantlyhigherthanthatinotherthreereservoirs,suggestingmeso—eutrophicatewaterbody,whileJinxiuc
7、huan,QueshanandYuqingReservoirsweremesotrophicaquaticsystems.TherewasnosignificantdifferenceinTLIseasonalvariationsamongthesamekindofreservoir.chlorophyla(Chla)andtotalnitrogen(TN)weremaincontributorstoTL1calculation.Inasummary,typicalwatersources,waysofrese
8、rvoirinflow,humanactivitiesareimportantexternalfactorsaffectingwaterqualityofmountainsandtheYellowRiverreservoir.Keywords:mountainreservoir;yellowriverreservoir;nutrient;Nitrogensource;catchment