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1、Lesson4TheWorldEconomy1.Terms1.centrally-plannedeconomy中央計劃經濟2.marketeconomy市場經濟3.disinflationary(anti-inflationary)policies反通貨膨脹政策4.deflation通貨緊縮5.short-termdollarinterestrates短期美元利率6.commoditymarket商品市場7.nominal(dollar)terms名義(美元)價8.constant(dollar)terms不變(美元)價9.businesscyc
2、le商業(yè)周期10.weightedaverage加權平均數(shù)11.hardcurrencies硬通貨12.fiscaladjustment財政調整13.portfolioinvestment有價證券投資14.marketdiversification市場多元化15.tightcreditpolicy緊縮的信貸政策16.exchange-ratedevaluation匯率貶值17.accommodativemonetarypolicy融通性貨幣政策18.yieldcurve收益曲線19.percapitaGDP人均國內生產總值20.GATT:Gene
3、ralAgreementonTariffsandTrade關貿總協(xié)定21.EMS:EuropeanMonetarySystem歐洲貨幣體系22.GDPdeflator消除國內生產總值通貨膨脹因素指數(shù)(GDP平減指數(shù))23.CMEA(Comecon):CouncilforMutualEconomicAssistance經互會24.LIBOR:LondonInter-BankOfferedRate倫敦同業(yè)銀行優(yōu)惠利率25.percapitaincome人均收入26.multilateraltradeagreements多邊貿易協(xié)定27.Portfol
4、ioinvestment證券投資28.cyclicaldecelerationininvestmentspending生產總值通貨膨脹因素指數(shù)29.thepopulation-weightedgrowthrate人口加權增長率2.paraphrase1.inarow:insuccession(連續(xù)地)2.easing:slowingdown;decrease3.momentum:forceofmovement4.underlying:beingatthebasisof5.slackening:slowingofspeed6.compound:wo
5、rsen7.moderateinflation:easeinflation8.robust:strongandhealthy9.setbacks:frustrations10.slump:depression11.edgedown:moveslowlydown12.depreciation:devaluation13.spike:abruptincrease14.pick-up:recovery15.reinin:control16.bottoming-out:reachingthelowestpointbeforerisingagain(止跌回
6、升)17.stagnat:stop;almost3.Importantwordsandphrasesinthetext4.translation1.Internationalconditionsforgrowthindevelopingcountriesdeterioratedin1991.TheSevenmajorindustrialcountries(theG-7experiencedasignificantslowdowninGDPgrowth-from2.8percentin1990to1.9percentduring1991asrece
7、ssiongrippedCanada,theUnitedKingdom,andtheUnitedStatesandgrowthratesslowedinContinentalEuropeandJapan.Inimportantrespects,theslowdownwasdifferentfromthosethatoccurredduringthe1970sand1980s.1991年,在發(fā)展中國家增長惡化的國際情形下,七個主要工業(yè)國的國內生產總值經歷了一個急劇的下滑,從1990年的2.8%下降到1991年的1.9%,像加拿大、美國、英國陷入了蕭
8、條,歐洲大陸和日本增長率減緩。這個減速與發(fā)生在20世紀70年代和80年代的不同。2.Ratherthanreflectingtheeff