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1、多功能數(shù)字計(jì)時(shí)器設(shè)計(jì)姓名：楊會(huì)章學(xué)號(hào):1004220242專業(yè)：通信工程學(xué)院：電光學(xué)院指導(dǎo)教師：2021-9-1516目錄一、設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容簡介··················································3二、電路功能設(shè)計(jì)要求··············································3三、電路原理簡介··················································3四、各單元電路原理 1、脈沖發(fā)生電路······
2、·········································32、計(jì)時(shí)電路··················································43、譯碼顯示電路················································45、校分電路····················································54、清零電路·······································
3、·············66、報(bào)時(shí)電路···················································7716、基本電路原理圖··············································88、動(dòng)態(tài)顯示原理················································99、動(dòng)態(tài)顯示原理圖················································1010、波形圖········
4、··············································11五、實(shí)驗(yàn)中問題及解決辦法··········································11六、附錄··························································121、元件清單····················································122、芯片引腳圖和功能表·····················
5、·····················123、參考文獻(xiàn)····················································1516一、設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容簡介實(shí)驗(yàn)采用中小規(guī)模集成電路設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)數(shù)字計(jì)時(shí)器。數(shù)字計(jì)時(shí)器是由脈沖發(fā)生電路，計(jì)時(shí)電路，譯碼顯示電路，和附加電路控制電路幾部分組成。其中控制電路由清零電路，校分電路和報(bào)時(shí)電路組成。附加電路采用動(dòng)態(tài)顯示。二、電路功能設(shè)計(jì)要求1、設(shè)計(jì)制作一個(gè)0分00秒～9分59秒的多功能計(jì)時(shí)器,設(shè)計(jì)要求如下：1）設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)脈沖發(fā)生電路，為計(jì)時(shí)器提供秒脈沖（1H
6、Z），為報(bào)時(shí)電路提供驅(qū)動(dòng)蜂鳴器的高低脈沖信號(hào)（1KHZ、2KHZ）；2）設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)時(shí)電路：完成0分00秒～9分59秒的計(jì)時(shí)、譯碼、顯示功能；3）設(shè)計(jì)清零電路：具有開機(jī)自動(dòng)清零功能，并且在任何時(shí)候，按動(dòng)清零開關(guān)，可以對(duì)計(jì)時(shí)器進(jìn)行手動(dòng)清零。4）設(shè)計(jì)校分電路：在任何時(shí)候，撥動(dòng)校分開關(guān)，可進(jìn)行快速校分。（校分隔秒）5）設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)時(shí)電路：使數(shù)字計(jì)時(shí)器從9分53秒開始報(bào)時(shí)，每隔一秒發(fā)一聲，共發(fā)三聲低音，一聲高音；即9分53秒、9分55秒、9分57秒發(fā)低音（頻率1kHz），9分59秒發(fā)高音（頻率2kHz）；6）系統(tǒng)級(jí)聯(lián)。將以上電路進(jìn)行級(jí)
7、聯(lián)完成計(jì)時(shí)器的所有功能。7）可以增加數(shù)字計(jì)時(shí)器附加功能：定時(shí)、動(dòng)態(tài)顯示等。三、電路原理簡介32678Hz石英晶體振蕩器產(chǎn)生的穩(wěn)定的高頻脈沖信號(hào)，作為數(shù)字鐘的時(shí)間基準(zhǔn)，再經(jīng)分頻器、D觸發(fā)器輸出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)秒脈沖。秒計(jì)數(shù)器記滿60后向分計(jì)數(shù)器進(jìn)位。計(jì)數(shù)器的輸出經(jīng)譯碼器送顯示器。記時(shí)出現(xiàn)誤差時(shí)可以用校時(shí)電路進(jìn)行校分，校秒。利用74153四選一數(shù)據(jù)選擇器和128Hz、64Hz時(shí)鐘信號(hào)控制選擇秒位、秒十位、分位輸出到譯碼器，并選通相應(yīng)的數(shù)碼管，實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)顯示。四、各單元電路原理1、秒脈沖發(fā)生電路采用32678Hz的石英晶體多諧振蕩器作
8、為脈沖信號(hào)源。經(jīng)分頻器CD4060的分頻，從Q14端輸出的2Hz的脈沖信號(hào)經(jīng)D觸發(fā)器組成的二分頻電路得到1Hz的秒脈沖信號(hào)。原理圖如下：16*注：下圖中4060的引腳與實(shí)驗(yàn)中的引腳圖不一樣，下圖的Q13相當(dāng)于實(shí)驗(yàn)中的Q14。2、計(jì)時(shí)電路用CD4518BCD碼計(jì)數(shù)器實(shí)現(xiàn)分位計(jì)數(shù)器和秒個(gè)位計(jì)數(shù)器；用74LS161做成一個(gè)模六計(jì)數(shù)器實(shí)現(xiàn)秒十位計(jì)數(shù)器。1HZ脈沖信號(hào)
