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1、非謂語動詞復習新思路王斌一、情況分析在廣東高考英語中,無論是語法填空方面,還是在寫作當中,都離不開非謂語動詞。語法填空中每年都有一空考查非謂語動詞。在寫作中如果能正確地使用非謂語動詞會讓文章增色不少??梢?,掌握好非謂語會讓考生受益匪淺。本文現(xiàn)結合自己的教學體會,從“線”到“面”的角度,即從單句到篇章來談談非謂語的教學新思路。二、單句填空1.謂語和非謂語單句填空混合練習。在一個復雜的句子中,往往都有兩個或以上的動詞,我們做題時首先要區(qū)分這些動詞是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞,否則會白費功夫。(1)ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitely
2、declinedherinvitation,________(close)mybookandwalkedaway.(2008廣州一模)(2)…theproverb,“pluckingupacrop________(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.(2008廣東高考)(3)He________(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.(2011廣東高考)(4)Thecheerfulandoptimisticrabbitthrewhimselfintolookingforthecarro
3、t,________(dig)hereandthere,totallyconvincedthathewouldfindit.(2012廣州一模)(5)Dudley,whichisprobablytheheartoftheBlackCountry,hasahistory________(date)backover1,000years.(2011廣州一模)(6)……myfriendlookedatmewithhiseyebrows________(raise).(2011廣州一模)答案:(1)closed(2)tohelp(3)waspreventing(4)digging(5)dat
4、ing(6)raised分析:如何判斷謂語和非謂語:1.當句子缺少謂語動詞時,括號中的動詞就是謂語動詞。如例(3)。2.當句中已有謂語動詞又有并列連詞與括號中的動詞并列時,該動詞就謂語動詞。如例(1)。3.當句中已有謂語動詞又沒有并列連詞與括號中的動詞并列,或沒有從屬連詞連接兩個主從句時,該動詞就非謂語動詞。如例(2)(4)(5)。4.在例句(6)中with不是連詞而是介詞,后面的動詞是非謂語動詞,raisetheeyebrow是動賓關系,即為withsth.done的結構。2.非謂語單句填空訓練。通過典型的單句練習,鞏固高考常考的三種非謂語形式todo/doing/done的用法
5、。(1)Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman__________(sit)atthefront.(2011年廣東)(2)Shewishedthathewasaseasy__________(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.(2009年廣東)(3)Whileshewasgettingme__________(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom…(2007年廣東)(4)__________(walk)nearer,sh
6、elookedupatmeandthenfixedhereyesonmycan.(2011深圳二模)(5)Instantly,Ifeltsosorry.Ihadintended__________(help)her,completelymisunderstandingher.(2011深圳二模)(6)Shewillliftherforktoswallowamouthful,andthenputitdownagaintomakeanotherpoint,leavingalmostallofhermeal__________(touch).(2011深圳一模)答案:(1)sitting
7、(2)toplease(3)settled(4)Walking(5)tohelp(6)untouched分析:非謂語的一般式有三種具體形式:doing,done和todo。1.doing該動詞與修飾的詞是主動關系,如(1)aman與sit,(4)she與walk。另外,在一些特定的動詞后是接doing,如:spend,imagine等。2.done該動詞與修飾的詞構成動賓關系,即被動關系,如(3)settleme和(6)touchmeal。3.todo該動詞或表將來,