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1、第32卷第2期環(huán)境科學(xué)Vo1.32.No.22011年2月Feb.,2011ENVIR0NMENTALSCIENCE太湖藍(lán)藻水華衰亡對(duì)沉積物氮、磷釋放的影響朱夢(mèng)圓,朱廣偉,王永平(1.中國(guó)科學(xué)院南京地理與湖泊研究所湖泊與環(huán)境國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,南京210008;2.中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院,北京100049)摘要:在太湖草型區(qū)、藻型區(qū)及河口區(qū)采集原狀泥柱進(jìn)行加藻培養(yǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn),監(jiān)測(cè)培養(yǎng)過(guò)程中溶解氧(DO)、總氮(TN)、總磷(TP)、氨氮(NH4一N)、磷酸根(PO一P)等相關(guān)指標(biāo)的變化.結(jié)果表明,蔽光培養(yǎng)導(dǎo)致加藻體系中藍(lán)藻大量死亡,形成水體極度缺氧環(huán)境(DO接近0)
2、,沉積物氮、磷釋放量改變,上覆水NH4一N、PO:一-P濃度大幅上升;與未加藻的培養(yǎng)體系相比,水華衰亡分解在草型區(qū)、藻型區(qū)、河口區(qū)引起的沉積物TN平均釋放改變量分別為一0.1、31.1、9.5mg·(m·d)‘。,TP平均釋放改變量分別為一3.ol、0.75、2.46mg-(m·d),上覆水Ntt:一N濃度增加分別為3.62、5.10、6.57mg/L,P0;一一P濃度增加分別為53、219、418g/L.沉積物氮、磷的釋放改變量因湖區(qū)而異,藻型區(qū)及河口區(qū)釋放量有較大的增長(zhǎng),草型區(qū)釋放量則明顯偏低.水相營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽的增量與缺氧程度及藍(lán)藻水華堆積的持續(xù)時(shí)間明顯
3、相關(guān).研究表明,大型淺水湖泊中水華堆積衰亡引起沉積物營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽的釋放量增加可能是藍(lán)藻水華狀態(tài)自維持的機(jī)制之一.關(guān)鍵詞:太湖;藍(lán)藻水華;沉積物;氮;磷;內(nèi)源釋放中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):X131.2文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):0250-3301(2011)02-0409-07InfluenceofScumofAlgalBloomontheReleaseofNandPfromSedimentsOfLakeTaihnZHUMeng—yuan’,ZHUGuang-wei,WANGYong—ping’(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofLakeScienceandEnvir
4、onment,NanjingInstituteofGeographyandLimnology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing210008,China;2.GraduateUniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049,China)Abstract:Sedimentcoresweresampledinmacrophytedominatedzone,phytoplanktondominatedzoneandrivermouthinLakeTaihuandincubate
5、dwithonehalfofthemaddedalgaeinlaboratoryinAugusttorevealtheinfluenceofalgalaccumulationonthereleaseofnitrogenandphosphorusinsediments.Concentrationsofdissolvedoxygen(DO),totalnitrogen(TN),totalphosphorus(TP),ammonium,phosphateandotherparametersweredeterminedduringcultivationofth
6、esedimentcoresindark.ThereweredifierencesinreleaseofTNandTPinsedimentsandsignificantvariationsinchangesofDO,ammonium,phosphateinoverlyingwaterafteraddingalgae.WhenDOdeclinedtonearlyzero,thechangesofreleaseofTN,TPinsedimentsdifferedfromdifferentecologicaltypesofLakeTaihuwithminus
7、numbersof一0.1,一3.01mg·(m·d)~inmacrophytedominatedzone,largernumbersof31.1,0.75mg·(m·d)~inphytoplanktondominatedzoneand9.5,2.46mg‘(m·d)~inrivermouth.Theconcentrationsofammoniuminoverlyingwaterincreased3.62,5.10,6.57mg/Landphosphateincreased53,219,418g/Linmacrophytedominatedzone,p
8、hytoplanktondominatedzone,rivermouth,respective