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1、TitleGoesHereOneortwolinesasneeded豬人工授精新技術(shù)（美國(guó)南達(dá)科達(dá)州立大學(xué)供稿）施學(xué)仕博士美國(guó)大豆協(xié)會(huì)-國(guó)際項(xiàng)目上海代表處TrainingBoarsforSemenCollection訓(xùn)練公豬進(jìn)行采精Selectapersonwhoispatientandenjoysworkingwithanimals.選擇一個(gè)有耐心并樂于與動(dòng)物相處的人Begintrainingduringtheisolationprocessbybuildingatrustbetweenyouandtheboar.Spendafewminuteseachdayscratchin
2、g,rubbingandtalkingwiththeboar.訓(xùn)練開始于隔離過程中，這時(shí)要在操作者和公豬之間建立信任，每天花幾分鐘對(duì)公豬抓癢、擦拭和“對(duì)話”Boarsvaryintheirrateofsexualdevelopment.Some7mooldboarsarereadytobetrainedandothersrequire4-6wkslonger.不同公豬的性成熟速度各異，有些7月齡的公豬就可投入訓(xùn)練，而另一些可能要晚4～6周才行。TrainingBoars(con’t)公豬訓(xùn)練(續(xù))Provideaclean,dry,welllightedareafreeofdis
3、tractions.Abreedingmathelpsprovidefooting.Aboarthatslipsduringmountingmaybeshyaboutattemptingitagain.訓(xùn)練場(chǎng)地應(yīng)該清潔、干燥、光照良好且無(wú)干擾。地上鋪上一個(gè)防滑墊可有助于公豬站穩(wěn)，公豬在爬跨時(shí)滑倒會(huì)羞于再次爬跨。Keeptheareaabout8x10ft,sothattheboarisfocused.訓(xùn)練區(qū)域大小應(yīng)在8×10英尺左右，以便公豬能夠集中精力。Ifpossible,collectapreviouslytrainedboarfirst.Theodorandsoundma
4、ystimulatethe“rookie”ifheislocatednexttothecollectionarea.如有可能,先對(duì)先前接受了訓(xùn)練的公豬采精。令新公豬站在近旁,采精時(shí)的氣味和聲響會(huì)對(duì)新公豬產(chǎn)生刺激Adjustthedummysothatitisequaltoorslightlylowerthantheboarbeingtrained.調(diào)整假母豬的高度，使其等于或略高于訓(xùn)練公豬的高度。Planforshorttrainingsessions(15-20min).Someboarsmaymountthedummyimmediatelybutothersmaywantto
5、explorethepenanddummyforseveralsession.每次訓(xùn)練時(shí)間應(yīng)該短些(15~20分鐘)。有些公豬會(huì)立即爬跨假母豬，而有些公豬在開始幾次訓(xùn)練中只是探究豬圈和假母豬。TrainingBoars(con’t)公豬訓(xùn)練(續(xù))Someboarsrequirecoaxing.Crouchdownnearthedummy,allowtheboartosmellyourhandandclothesandtalkinareassuringtone.Trypouringsemenfromapreviouscollectiononthedummy.對(duì)有些公豬需要哄騙。要在
6、假母豬旁邊蹲下，讓公豬嗅聞你的手和衣服，采用使公豬安定的聲調(diào)召喚公豬。Keeptheboarfocusedonthedummy.Ifneeded,usewingedgatestokeephiminfrontofthedummy.要使公豬集中關(guān)注假母豬。需要時(shí)可用wingedgate使公豬呆在假母豬的前面。TrainingBoars(con’t)公豬訓(xùn)練(續(xù))NewTechnologies新技術(shù)Boarsemenextenders公豬精液稀釋劑Intra-uterineInsemination子宮內(nèi)輸精Sexingofboarsemen公豬精液性別化Cloningandembryo
7、transfer克隆和胚胎移植Reasonsfordevelopingnewlong-termboarsemenextenders研制長(zhǎng)效公豬精液稀釋劑的原因Morefavorableworkhoursinboarstud增加人工授精站的有效工時(shí)Reductionoreliminationofweekendcollections減少或避免周末采精Reducedtransportationcostofsemen降低精液運(yùn)輸成本TestingofsemenforPRRSbefores
