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1、段池清等堆放奶牛糞便7周甲烷排放通量的研究堆放奶牛糞便7周甲烷排放通量的研究段池清王嘉琚趙雪艷姬亞芹(南開大學(xué)環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院,國家環(huán)境保護城市空氣顆粒物污染防治重點實驗室,天津300071)摘要為了研究奶牛糞便堆放高度、堆放方式和溫度對奶牛糞便甲烷排放的影響,基于靜態(tài)箱一氣相色譜法,研究了奶牛糞便在4種堆放處理(堆放高度分別為30、45、60cm的處理和每天加糞6cm至堆放高度約60cm的處理)下連續(xù)7周的甲烷排放通量。同時,分析了堆放前后奶牛糞便的理化特性。結(jié)果表明:4種處理的甲烷日均排放通量的變化規(guī)律大致相似,即甲烷日均排放通量在實驗前5天較小,第6天開始逐漸上升
2、并相繼達到峰值,之后降低并趨于平穩(wěn);4種處理的甲烷日均排放通量為(0.243±0.083)~(o.341±0.145)rag/(m?!);堆放后奶牛糞便的pH(除堆放高度為30cm的處理外)、干物質(zhì)、揮發(fā)性固體含量均下降,而灰分、全氮、全磷、氨氮、總有機碳和碳氮比(除堆放高度為30、45cm的處理外)均上升;回歸分析和Wilcoxon配對法非參數(shù)檢驗結(jié)果表明,奶牛糞便堆放高度和堆放方式及溫度對甲烷排放影響較大,各處理的甲烷日均排放通量與環(huán)境溫度、奶牛糞便內(nèi)部溫度(包括奶牛糞便表面以下100mm處溫度及奶牛糞便堆放中心溫度)均呈指數(shù)關(guān)系。關(guān)鍵詞奶牛糞便甲烷排放通量堆放高度
3、理化特性StudiesonthemethaneemissionfluxesfromstoreddairymanureduringsevenweeksDUANChiqing,WANGJiajun,ZHAOXueyan,jIYaqin.(StateEnvironmentalProtectionKeyLaboratoryofUrbanAmbientAirParticulateMatterPollutionPrevent'ionandControl,CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,NankaiUniversity,nnin3
4、00071)Abstract:Thebatchcompostingtreatmentsofdairymanurewereperforminstaticchamberfor7weeks,fourstackingheightwere30,45,60andadding6cmmanureperdayuntilitreachingabout60cmrespectively,methaneemissionfluxesfromdairymanureweremeasuredbygaschromatographytoexploretheimpactsofmanurestackingheig
5、htsandtemperamreOilmethaneemissions.Moreover,thecharacteristicsofpreandpoststoredmanurewerealsoanalyzed.Astheresultsrevealed,thevariationofmethaneemissionfluxespresentedsimilartendencyinfourtreat—ments,theywereintowlevelatthefirst5days,increasedgraduallyfromthe6thdayandreachedpeakvaluesin
6、shorttime,thendecreasedsharplyandkeptstableduringthesubsequentstorage.Afterhavingbeenstoredfor7weeks,thepH(exceptpileheightwas30cm),drymatter,volatilesolidofdiarymanuredecreased,whileashcon—tent,totalnitrogen,totalphosphorus,ammonianitrogen,totalorganiccarbon,ratioofcarbontonitrogen(excep
7、tpileheightwere30cmand45cm)ofdiarymanureincreased,respectively.Wilcoxonnonparametrictestsandregres—sionanalyzingshowedthatstackingheightandtemperaturegreatlyinfluencedthemethaneemissions,meanwhiletherewasexponentialrelationbetweenmethaneemissionfluxesandambienttempe