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1、2014-06,35(3)中國煙草科學(xué)ChineseTobaccoScience17幾種緩釋鉀肥對烤煙鉀含量及產(chǎn)量產(chǎn)值的影響?121*211劉金,李進平,涂書新,陳振國,彭孟祥,魏文娟(1.華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院,武漢430070;2.湖北省煙草科研所,武漢430030)摘要:采用農(nóng)藝技術(shù)措施提高烤煙鉀素含量是提高烤煙煙葉品質(zhì)和產(chǎn)值的重要途徑。通過緩釋鉀肥鉀養(yǎng)分釋放試驗及大田肥效試驗,研究了包膜硝酸鉀、腐殖酸氯化鉀、包膜腐殖酸氯化鉀等緩釋肥料的鉀營養(yǎng)釋放特征,以及對烤煙鉀含量和產(chǎn)量、產(chǎn)值的影響。結(jié)果表明,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)條件下,上述3種緩釋鉀肥28d鉀養(yǎng)分累
2、積釋放率分別為67.2%、100%和87.5%,緩釋能力以包膜硝酸鉀肥最好。與常規(guī)鉀肥相比,大田緩釋鉀肥處理的土壤速效鉀含量在烤煙生長后期并未降低且有增加趨勢,施用緩釋鉀肥提高煙葉鉀含量13%~39%,烤煙產(chǎn)量6%~32%,產(chǎn)值7%~32%。緩釋鉀肥對提高烤煙鉀含量及產(chǎn)量產(chǎn)值有重要作用,可以在生產(chǎn)上推廣應(yīng)用。關(guān)鍵詞:緩釋鉀肥;釋放特征;烤煙;鉀含量;產(chǎn)值中圖分類號:S572.06文章編號:1007-5119(2014)03-0017-06DOI:10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2014.03.004EffectofSlowly-r
3、eleasedPotassiumFertilizersonPotassiumContentandYieldofFlue-curedTobacco121*211LIUJin,LIJinping,TUShuxin,CHENZhenguo,PENGMengxiang,WEIWenjuan(1.CollegeofResourceandEnvironment,HuazhongAgriculturalUniversity,Wuhan430070,China;2.TobaccoScienceInstituteofHubeiProvince,Wuhan430030,
4、China)Abstract:AgronomicmeasurescanbeadaptedtoincreaseplantKcontent,whichisoneofimportantstrategiestoimprovethequalityandoutputvalueofflue-curedtobacco.ExperimentsonKreleaseandfieldcropresponseofslowly-releasedKfertilizers,i.e.,PVCoatedpotassiumnitrate,Humicmattercoatedpotassiu
5、mchloride,andPVandhumiccoatedpotassiumchloride,wereconductedtoinvestigatetheKreleasecharacteristicsandtheireffectsonyieldandoutputvalueoftobacco.TheresultsshowedthattheaccumulativesolubilityratesofKofthreeslowly-releasedKfertilizersin28daysunderstandardconditionswere67.2%,100%a
6、nd87.5%,respectively,ofwhichtheperformanceofPVcoatedpotassiumnitratewasthebest.ThecontentofsoilavailableKincreasedatlategrowthstageofplanttreatedwiththeslowlyreleasedfertilizers.Comparedwiththecontrol(commonKfertilizer),applicationofslowly-releasedpotassiumincreasedleafKcontent
7、by13%-39%,yieldby7%-32%,andproductionvalueby7%-32%.Inconclusion,theslowly-releasedpotassiumfertilizerstestedhavepositiveeffectsonincreasingKcontentandoutputvalueoftobacco,andhashighpotentialintobaccoproduction.Keywords:slowlyreleasedpotassiumfertilizer;nutrientrelease;flue-cure
8、dtobacco;potassiumcontent;outputvalue[1]煙草鉀含量一般為2%~4%,