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1、西北農(nóng)業(yè)學報2010,19(1):201206ActaAgriculturaeBorealioccidentalisSinica*不同保水劑的吸水保水特性1,221*陳海麗,吳震,劉明池(1.國家蔬菜工程技術研究中心,北京100089;2.南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學園藝學院,江蘇南京210095)摘要:對3種(兩種類型)保水劑的理化性質(zhì),保水劑在水中和土壤中的吸水、保水特性進行了測定。結果表明:保水劑溶液的pH在6.72~8.5間,并隨保水劑濃度增加而略有下降,EC值隨濃度增加而增加,淀粉類保水劑
2、的pH、EC值高于聚丙烯酸鹽類。淀粉類保水劑吸水速率比聚丙烯酸鹽類保水劑快,需要10~20min,而聚丙烯酸鹽類需要60min達到吸水飽和。無論在水中還是土壤中,聚丙烯酸鹽類保水劑吸水倍數(shù)均大于淀粉類,其在蒸餾水中吸水倍數(shù)為620.40倍,而淀粉類保水劑為400倍左右。保水劑能增加土壤含水量,并且在一定范圍內(nèi)隨著保水劑濃度的增加,吸水量增加;在不同土壤水分含量條件下,均能抑制水分的蒸發(fā),提高土壤含水量,淀粉類保水劑作用大于聚丙烯酸鹽類。保水劑對砂土的作用大于壤土。關鍵詞:保水劑;理化性質(zhì);吸水性;
3、保水性中圖分類號:S157.3文獻標識碼:A文章編號:10041389(2010)01020106AnalysisofWaterAbsorptivityandRetentionPropertiesofDifferentWaterRetainingAgents1,221*CHENHaili,WUZhenandLIUMingchi(1.NationalEngineeringResearchCenterforVegetables,Beijing100089,China;2.Co
4、llegeofHorticulture,NanjingAgricultureUniversity,NanjingJiangsu210095,China)Abstract:Thebasicpropertiesof2typesofwaterretainingagentswasstudied.Theresultsshowedthatthephysicalproperties,waterabsorptivityandwaterretentioninwaterandsoilweredifferentbet
5、weendifferentsuperabsorbentpolymers.ThepHvaluewasbetween6.72and8.5.ThepHvaluedecreasedalittleandtheECvalueincreasedwhentheconcentrationofwaterretainingagentraised.ThestarchwaterretainingagenthashigherpH,ECvalueandwaterabsorbingspeedthanthepolyacry
6、latewaterretainingagent.Butallofthe3waterretainingagentsreachedthesaturationpointin60minutes.Thewaterabsorptivityofthepolyacrylatewaterretainingagentwashigherthanthestarchanditsabsorptivityindistilledwaterwas620.40andthestarchwaterretainingagentwa
7、sabout400.Thewaterabsorbingandholdingcapacityofsoilwasimprovedwhenwaterretainingagentwasadded.Thewaterabsorbingamountwasincreasedastheconcentrationofwaterretainingagentraised,andtheeffectwashigheronsandysoilthanloamysoil.Waterretainingagentcouldr
8、educewaterevaporationandincreasesoilwatercontent.Andtheeffectofthestarchwaterretainingagentwasbetterthanthepolyacrylatewaterretainingagent.Keywords:Waterretainingagent;Physicalproperty;Waterabsorptivity;Waterretention隨著水資源的日益缺乏,節(jié)水技術成為農(nóng)業(yè)研究
