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1、Australia澳大利亞聯(lián)邦共和國(guó)1.aridity干旱2.proximity最近3.equator赤道4.territory領(lǐng)地5.aborigine土著人6.nomadic游牧的7.convict囚犯8.merino美利奴細(xì)毛羊9.indigenous土生土長(zhǎng)的10.cosmopolitan世界性的11.diversity多樣化12.referendum全民公投13.hemisphere半球14.kangaroo袋鼠15.platypus鴨嘴獸16.koala樹(shù)袋熊nomadiclife游牧生活A(yù)us
2、tralian-NewZealandArmyCorps新澳軍團(tuán)Theindigenouspeople本地人SydneyParalympicGames殘奧會(huì)amanifoldreligion多樣的宗教aThree-tier-system三級(jí)體制separationofpower分權(quán)diversityofpopulation人口多樣化theGreatBarrierReef大保礁Chapter1.GeographyandHistoryI.Geography1.Location:Australialiesinthe
3、SouthernHemisphere,betweentheIndianocean(onthewest)andthePacificOcean(ontheeast),theArafuraSea(阿拉弗拉海)onthenorth.It’ssurroundedbyseaonallsides.ItconsistsofmainlandAustraliaandTasmania(塔斯馬尼亞島)2.Size:7.7millionsquarekilometers,6th3.Geographicregion:theEastern
4、HighlandsTheCentral-EasternLowlandsTheWesternPlateau4.1stmountain:Mount（科修斯克峰）Koseiuszko2228m，是澳大利亞山脈中的最高峰。5.1striver:theMelbourneriver3490kilom6.Climate:thetropical(theNorth)熱帶氣候Thetemperateregion溫帶氣候Australiaiswidelyknownas“theDryContinent”duetoitslowrai
5、nful.ThearidityofAustraliastemsfromitsProximitytotheequator.Thedesertsofthecentralandwesternregionshaveanannualrainfuloflessthan250millimeters.7.MajorCities（人口超過(guò)百萬(wàn)的有5個(gè)，它們是悉尼，墨爾本，布利斯班Brisbane，阿德萊德Adelaide.）1st:Sydney4,2milliom2ndMelbourne3rdCanberra(capital
6、)8.Population:about20million53rdBritishandIrishancestry70%OtherEuropeanancestry18%Asiananecstry6%Aboriginalpeople2.3%9.Religion:RomanCatholicismAnglicanism英國(guó)圣公會(huì)（86%）10.StatesandTerritory6statesand2territoryII.History1.EarlyHistoryTheaborigines:50000yearsag
7、o,fromsoutheastAsia,nomadiclife2.DiscoveryandExploration*In1606,theDutchnavigator,WillionJanszoonsightedthecoastofCapeYorkPeninsula(約克角半島).*In1642,Dutchexpedition,AbelTasman（阿貝爾·塔斯曼）discoveredandnamedtheislandTasmania（塔斯馬尼亞島）afterhimself.*In1770,theEnglish
8、captain,JamesCook（詹姆斯·庫(kù)克）discoveredandnamedtheeasterncoastofAustraliathecoastNewSouthWalas（新南威爾士）.andformallyclaimeditforBritain.3.EuropeanSettlement*OnJanuary26,1788,Phillip（阿瑟·菲利普船長(zhǎng)，1786年被任命為新南威爾士的總督）establ
