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1、ORNL/CON-426ENERGYDIVISIONELECTRIC-POWERANCILLARYSERVICESERICHIRSTandBRENDANKIRBYFebruary1996SponsoredbyCompetitiveResourceStrategiesProgramOfficeofEnergyEfficiencyandRenewableEnergyU.S.DepartmentofEnergyOAKRIDGENATIONALLABORATORYOakRidge,Tennessee37831managedbyLOCKHEEDMARTINENERGY
2、RESEARCHCORPORATIONfortheU.S.DEPARTMENTOFENERGYundercontractNo.DE-AC05-96OR22464CONTENTSPageSUMMARY...............................................................................................................................vLISTOFACRONYMS.........................................
3、.................................................................vii1.INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................1BACKGROUND.............................................................................
4、...............................1RECENTEVENTS........................................................................................................32.SUGGESTEDANCILLARYSERVICES...........................................................................7SCHEDULINGANDDISPATCH........
5、........................................................................9LOADFOLLOWING..................................................................................................10OPERATINGRESERVES...............................................................................
6、...........16ENERGYIMBALANCE.............................................................................................18REAL-POWER-LOSSREPLACEMENT...................................................................20VOLTAGECONTROL..................................................
7、.............................................22OTHERSERVICES.....................................................................................................233.DISCUSSION...........................................................................................................
8、..........29UNRESOLVEDISSU
