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1、DetlefSchulzElectricalPowerSystemsState-of-theArtofWindTurbineElectricalSystemsandGridInterconnectionTERNAWindEnergyandDevelopmentDialogue2007,11.10.2007,Berlin1ContentD.Schulz?GridconnectedWindTurbine(WT)?Usablewindpower?FixedandvariablespeedWT?Generatortypes?Gridinterconnectio
2、n?OffshoredesignedWT?Mediumvoltageequipment?Powerelectronicconnection?Powerquality?Windparkstructure?Summary2GridconnectedWindTurbineD.Schulza)Four-polegeneratorwithgearb)Multi-polegeneratorwithoutgearc)Schematicdrawing3UsablewindpowerD.Schulz13P=ρ?A?v?cp24FixedandvariablespeedW
3、TsD.SchulzUsablewindpower13P=ρ?A?v?cp25D.Schulzn1n2G3~==~36Gridcoupling:generatortypesD.Schulza)Directcoupledasynchronousgeneratorb)Convertercoupledasynchronousgeneratorc)Double-fedasynchronousgeneratorstandardMWpowerclassd)ConvertercoupledsynchronousgeneratorConvertercoupledsyn
4、chronousgeneratore)withpermanentexcitation7DrivetrainconceptsD.SchulzGeneratorandgearGearless,multipolegeneratorPicture:NordexPicture:Enercon8DrivetraindetailsD.SchulzDoubly-fedinductionmachineSynchronousmachinewithfull-sizeVSI9WT-typeswithgridinterconnectionD.SchulzStall-contro
5、lledWTwiththyristorstartPitch-WTwithfull-sizeconverterPitch-WTwithdouble-fedgenerator10WTwith5MWpowerinoffshoredesignD.SchulzMulti-polesynchronousPicture:generatorwithpermanentMultibridmagnetexcitation,slow-speedgearSpecialdesignforoffshore-installationLowweightofthegeneratorGen
6、eratorandinverter:mediumvoltage3.3kVTwoprototypes,sixoffshoreWTsnextyear11MediumvoltageequipmentforWTD.SchulzState-of-theArt?Powerelectronicdevicesformediumvoltagedesign:upto6kV?Press-packIGBTs(InsulatedGateBipolarTransistor)andIGCTs(IntegratedGateCommutatedThyristor)?Powerelect
7、ronicconvertersintherangeof4MWupto33MW?Mediumvoltagelevel:goodpower/volume-ratio?Advantages:smallgeneratordesign,lownacelleweight,smallcables?Disadvantagesofmediumvoltagecomponents:onlyfewsupplier12PowerelectronicgridconnectionofWTD.SchulzIGBTsixpackCurrentripplesduetoinvertersw
8、itchingControlTypicalswitchingfrequencies:2,5…3
