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1、2018高考語(yǔ)法填空與完形填空滿分講義語(yǔ)法填空第一講形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞(時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ))一、adj三大功能(必考)1.adj+n(定語(yǔ))eg,comfortablycar2.系動(dòng)詞(be,感官系動(dòng)詞——feel,touch,smell,taste,sound,look,變化狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞;become,get,turn,go,remain,keep,stay)+adj(表語(yǔ))3.動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+adj(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)助語(yǔ))TheactivitymakesmeinterestedinEnglish.二、副詞的四大功能1.副詞adv+V—
2、—beadvadj,beadvdoing/done;have/hasadvdone(必考)immediately,2.adv+adj/adv3.Adv+主謂,F(xiàn)orturnately,theycamebacksafely.三、動(dòng)詞,謂語(yǔ)——時(shí)態(tài)(一般、進(jìn)行、完成)1.一般(did,do/does/willdo)A.一般過(guò)去式(“講故事”),did、was主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)——被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was、were+done(主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受著)Eg.I(allow)topaticipateinthegamewhenIwasinmiddlescho
3、ol.)_解題思路:主從一致was——allowed主動(dòng)——wasallowed2015GK.Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsidetheshop.(平行結(jié)構(gòu))Awomansawhimcryingandthewomantoldhimtowaitoutsidetheshop.2015.WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.(改thought)主從一致Thesummeriscoming.Ith
4、oughtthatisagoodidea.(think)B.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(經(jīng)常,習(xí)慣always,sometimes,everyday..——三單);am/is/aredone被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Eg.Thisplaceisvisitedbymanytouristseveryyear.C.一般將來(lái)時(shí)(單純將來(lái),即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作)willbedoneEg.Thebookwillbepublishednextmonth.2.進(jìn)行時(shí)(bedoing)正在,進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)A.現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行時(shí):am/is/aredoing)B.過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行時(shí):wa
5、s/weredoingC.將來(lái)正在進(jìn)行時(shí):willbedoing@was/weredoingsthwhensbdid當(dāng)某人正在做某事的時(shí)候突然..Was/wereabouttodosthwhensbdid剛要做某事突然...三、完成時(shí):have、hasdone(已經(jīng),完成,影響,經(jīng)驗(yàn),結(jié)果)1.have/hasdone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(標(biāo)志詞:sofar/bynow,untilnow,到現(xiàn)在為止recently=lately最近,since+過(guò)去自從,for+一段時(shí)間,inthepastfewyears,already,yet,
6、ever,never,onece....)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響——包括兩個(gè)時(shí)間(過(guò)去——現(xiàn)在);發(fā)生在過(guò)去,強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在。eg.Ihaveread(read)halfoftheEnglishnovel,andIwilltrytofinishitattheweekend.Eg.Inthelastfewyears,Chinahasmade(make)greatchievementsinenvironmentalprotect.(在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間)2.haddone過(guò)去完成時(shí)(一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生著另一過(guò)去動(dòng)作之前)即過(guò)去
7、的過(guò)去。標(biāo)志:by+過(guò)去(過(guò)去完成時(shí)haddone)Eg.JustasIgottotheschoolgate,IrealizedthatIhadleft(leave)mybookinthecafe.(“另一個(gè)過(guò)去動(dòng)作realized之前發(fā)生”)非謂語(yǔ):1.todo表示目的“為了”;將來(lái)2.doing表主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行3.done表被動(dòng)、完成(“一句一謂語(yǔ),其余都用非謂語(yǔ)”必考)前提條件:(在有謂語(yǔ)的情況下,而且沒(méi)有連接詞,簡(jiǎn)單句)必考:(主句)主+謂語(yǔ)+連詞+主+謂語(yǔ)——從句(主從復(fù)合句)Thenextday,finding(f
8、ind)her,主句theycouldnoteventoldthat,atfirst,(shewasadog).賓語(yǔ)從句[2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ]Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardslowerfatcontentandlesssalt