資源描述：
《Death in Venice》由會(huì)員上傳分享，免費(fèi)在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在學(xué)術(shù)論文-天天文庫。
1、Death?in?VeniceBy?THOMAS?MANNA?NEW?TRANSLATION?BY?MICHAEL?HENRY?HEIMWITH?AN?INTRODUCTION?BY?MICHAEL?CUNNINGHAMIntroductionMICHAEL?CUNNINGHAMAll?novels?are?translations,?even?in?their?original?languages.?This?has?been?revealed?to?me?over?time,?as?I've?worked?with?the?various?de
2、dicated?(and?inevitably?underpaid)?people?who?have?agreed?to?translate?my?own?books.?When?I?started?working?with?translators,?I?couldn't?help?noticing?that?many?of?the?problems?that?vexed?themquestions?of?nuance,?resonance,?and?tone,?as?well?as?the?rhythms?of?the?sentences?the
3、mselves‐were?familiar?to?me.?I'd?worried?over?the?same?things?when?I?wrote?the?book?in?the?first?place.?It?dawned?on?me,?gradually,?that?I?was?a?translator,?too.?I?had?taken?the?raw?material?of?the?book?in?question?and?translated?it?into?language.Every?writer?of?course?works?d
4、ifferently,?but?I?suspect?that?most?novels?begin?in?their?writers'?minds?as?confusions?of?images,?impulses,?scattered?meanings,?devotions,?grudges,?fixations,?and?sonic?vague?sort?of?plot,?to?name?just?a?few.?A?novel?in?its?earliest?form,?before?it?begins?to?be?rendered?into?l
5、anguage,?is?a?cloud?of?sorts?that?hovers?over?the?writer's?head,?a?mystery?born?with?clues?to?its?own?meanings?but?also,?at?its?heart,?insoluble.?One?hopes‐a?novel?is?inevitably?an?expression?of?unreasonable?hopes‐that?the?finished?book?will?contain?not?only?characters?and?sce
6、nes?but?a?certain?larger?truth,?though?that?truth,?whatever?it?may?be,?is?impossible?to?express?fully?in?words.?It?has?to?do?with?the?fact?that?writer?and?reader?both?know,?beneath?the?level?of?active?consciousness,?something?about?being?alive?and?being?mortal,?and?that?that?s
7、omething,?when?we?try?to?express?it,?inevitably?eludes?us.?We?are?creatures?whose?innate?knowledge?exceeds?that?which?can?be?articulated.?Although?language?is?enormously?powerful,?it?is?concrete,?and?so?it?can't?help?but?miniaturize,?to?a?certain?extent,?that?which?we?simply?k
8、now.?All?the?writers?I?respect?want?to?write?a?book?so?penetr
