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1、GPSSolutDOI10.1007/s10291-012-0275-7ORIGINALARTICLECycleslipdetectionandrepairforundifferencedGPSobservationsunderhighionosphericactivityChangshengCai?ZhizhaoLiu?PengfeiXia?WujiaoDaiReceived:23October2011/Accepted:12June2012óSpringer-Verlag2012AbstractWedev
2、elopanewapproachforcycleslipdetec-windowaveragingSecond-orderTime-differencephasetionandrepairunderhighionosphericactivityusingundif-ionosphericresidualferenceddual-frequencyGPScarrierphaseobservations.Aforwardandbackwardmovingwindowaveraging(FBMWA)algori
3、thmandasecond-order,time-differencephaseiono-Introductionsphericresidual(STPIR)algorithmareintegratedtojointlydetectandrepaircycleslips.TheFBMWAalgorithmispro-Inthepastdecade,preciseGlobalNavigationSatelliteposedtodetectcycleslipsfromthewidelaneambiguityofS
4、ystem(GNSS)applicationsbasedonasingledual-MelbourneWu¨bbenalinearcombinationobservable.Thefrequencyreceiverhavebecomeincreasinglypopular.FBMWAalgorithmhastheadvantageofreducingthenoisePrecisepointpositioning(PPP)isatypicaltechniquethatlevelofwidelaneambigui
5、ties,eveniftheGPSdatausesonlyoneGNSSreceivertoachievedecimeterorevenareobservedunderrapidionosphericvariations.Thus,thecentimeterhighprecisionpositioningsolutions(Zumbergedetectionofslipsofonecyclebecomespossible.TheSTPIRetal.1997;KoubaandHe′roux2001).Inthe
6、PPPapplica-algorithmcanbetterremovethetrendcomponentofiono-tions,akeylimitationisthelongambiguityconvergencesphericvariationscomparedtothenormallyused?rst-order,time,typicallyabout30minundernormalGNSSobser-time-differencephaseionosphericresidualmethod.Theva
7、tionconditions(BisnathandGao2008).Thus,itishighlycombinationofSTPIRandFBMWAalgorithmscanuniquelydesiredthattheGNSScarrierphasesignalsbecontinuouslydeterminethecycleslipsatbothGPSL1andL2frequencies.tracked,ensuringcontinuousdeliveryofhighprecisionPPPThepropo
8、sedapproachhasbeentestedusingdatacollectedsolutionsaslongastheinitialambiguitiesareresolvedatunderdifferentlevelsofionosphericactivitieswithsimulatedthebeginning.AnydiscontinuitiesinGNSScarrierphasecyc
