資源描述:
《區(qū)域蒸散的遙感研究進(jìn)展》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。
1、科技通報(bào)第24卷第4期Vol.24No.42008年7月BULLETINOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYJuly2008區(qū)域蒸散的遙感研究進(jìn)展鄧芳萍1,2,劉闖1,蘇高利3(1.中國科學(xué)院地理科學(xué)與資源研究所,北京100101;2.中國科學(xué)院研究生院,北京100049;3.浙江省氣候中心,杭州310004)摘要:蒸散是土壤蒸發(fā)和植物蒸騰的總稱。蒸散的空間差異明顯,進(jìn)行全球及區(qū)域地表蒸散研究的最為行之有效的方法就是綜合利用遙感、水文、氣象及田間試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)來估算蒸散。蒸散的遙感估算方法大致可分為三類,即統(tǒng)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)法、能量平衡余項(xiàng)法和數(shù)值模型法。其中,統(tǒng)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)法
2、和能量平衡余項(xiàng)法的應(yīng)用最為廣泛,而數(shù)值模型則是近年來的研究熱點(diǎn)。這三種方法各有優(yōu)缺點(diǎn):統(tǒng)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)法計(jì)算過程簡單,所需參數(shù)少,但是具有局地性;能量平衡余項(xiàng)法具備一定的物理基礎(chǔ),計(jì)算過程也不太復(fù)雜,但只能用于估算晴天條件下的區(qū)域蒸散;數(shù)值模型可綜合利用不同來源、不同時(shí)空分辨率的各類地面數(shù)據(jù)和遙感數(shù)據(jù),模擬各種天氣條件下的區(qū)域蒸散,但是它的計(jì)算過程復(fù)雜,某些參數(shù)不易獲取,距離實(shí)際應(yīng)用還有很長的一段距離。關(guān)鍵詞:蒸散;遙感;統(tǒng)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)法;能量平衡余項(xiàng)法;數(shù)值模型;數(shù)據(jù)同化中國分類號(hào):P426.2文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1001-7119(2008)-04-0465-08ARe
3、viewofRemoteSensingofRegionalEvapotranspiration1,2,LIUChuang1,SUGaoli3DENGFangping(1.InstitueofGeograhpicalSciencesandNaturalResourcesResearch,CASBeijing,100101,China;2.GraduateSchoolofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049,China;3.ZhejiangProvinceClimeteCenter,Hangzhou310004,China)Ab
4、stract:Evapotranspirationisthesumofsoilevaporationandvegetationtranspiration.AstheEvapotranspirationshowsobviousspatialvariation,themostefficientwaytoestimateglobalandregionalevapotranspirationistoutilizetheremotesensing,alongwithhydrological,meteorologicalandfielddata.Historically,th
5、erearethreetypesofmethodsi.e.statisticmethods,energyresidualmethods,andnumericalmodel,appliedintheestimationofevapotranspiration.Statisticmethodsarethesimplestones,whereastheyarelocation-dependandmayfailtoworkwhentherewasnodetailfieldob-servationofevapotranspiration.Theresidualmethods
6、basedonsomephysicalmechanismsandthecomputationsarenotsocomplicate,buttheycanonlyestimatetheevapotranspirationinclearday.Despitetheirdrawbacks,bothstatisticmethodsandresidualmethodsarewidelyusedintheestimationofregionalevapotranspiration.Recentyears,moreattentionshavebeenpaidtothenumer
7、icalmodels,whichhavetakeadvantagesofdataassimilationtechnologyandlandsurfaceprocess收稿日期:2006-04-17基金項(xiàng)目:國家科技部項(xiàng)目資助(2003DKAIT007)作者簡介:鄧芳萍(1972-),女,壯族,云南廣南縣人,博士研究生,主要研究方向:農(nóng)業(yè)氣象,遙感應(yīng)用,E-mail:dengfp@igsnrr.ac.cn466科技通報(bào)第24卷modelstosimulatethedynamicandcontinuousfluxesoflandsurface.Unfortunatel
8、y,due