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1、592IEEETRANSACTIONSONPOWERELECTRONICS,VOL.24,NO.3,MARCH2009VSC-BasedHVDCPowerTransmissionSystems:AnOverviewNikolasFlourentzou,StudentMember,IEEE,VassiliosG.Agelidis,SeniorMember,IEEE,andGeorgiosD.Demetriades,Member,IEEEAbstractTheeverincreasingprogressofhi
2、gh-voltagehigh-TABLEIpowerfullycontrolledsemiconductortechnologycontinuestohaveSUMMARYOFFULLYCONTROLLEDHIGH-POWERSEMICONDUCTORSasigni?cantimpactonthedevelopmentofadvancedpowerelec-tronicapparatususedtosupportoptimizedoperationsandef?cientmanagementofelectr
3、icalgrids,which,inmanycases,arefullyorpartiallyderegulatednetworks.DevelopmentsadvanceboththeHVdcpowertransmissionandthe?exibleactransmissionsystemtechnologies.Inthispaper,anoverviewoftherecentadvancesintheareaofvoltage-sourceconverter(VSC)HVdctechnologyis
4、pro-vided.Selectedkeymultilevelconvertertopologiesarepresented.Controlandmodelingmethodsarediscussed.AlistofVSC-basedoperatingatfrequencieshigherthanthelinefrequency.TheseHVdcinstallationsworldwideisincluded.Itiscon?rmedthatdevicesareallself-commutedviaaga
5、tepulse.thecontinuousdevelopmentofpowerelectronicspresentscost-effectiveopportunitiesfortheutilitiestoexploit,andHVdcre-Typically,itisdesirablethataVSCapplicationgeneratesmainsakeytechnology.Inparticular,VSC-HVdccanaddressnotPWMwaveformsofhigherfrequencywh
6、encomparedtotheonlyconventionalnetworkissuessuchasbulkpowertransmission,thyristor-basedsystems.However,theoperatingfrequencyofasynchronousnetworkinterconnections,back-to-backacsystemthesedevicesisalsodeterminedbytheswitchinglossesandlinking,andvoltage/stab
7、ilitysupporttomentionafew,butalsothedesignoftheheatsink,bothofwhicharerelatedtothenichemarketssuchastheintegrationoflarge-scalerenewableen-ergysourceswiththegridandmostrecentlylargeonshore/offshorepowerthroughthecomponent.Switchinglosses,whicharedi-windfar
8、ms.rectlylinkedtohigh-frequencyPWMoperation,areoneofthemostseriousandchallengingissuesthatneedtobedealtwithIndexTermsHVdccircuitbreakers(CBs),HVdcconverters,HVdctransmission,powerelectronics,powerengineeringe
