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1、名詞性從句主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句和同位語從句在復(fù)合句中的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，因此這四種從句統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句。這四種從句與主句間不用逗號。一．名詞性從句連接詞的選用可分為三類：1.that在名詞性從句中只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)成分，也沒有實際意義。Thathewillcomeiscertain.Ithinkthathe’llbeallrightinafewdays.ThefactisthatIhaveneverbeenthere.Thefactthatshehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.2.whether/
2、if在名詞性從句中有“是否”之意，但不充當(dāng)成分。附Whether/if區(qū)分：在賓語從句中可互換，但介詞和discuss后的賓語從句用whether;其它名詞性從句用whether；可以說whethertodo但不能說iftodo;可說whether/if……ornot,whetherornot，不能說ifornot.Whethershe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.Iwonderwhether/ifitistrue.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.Theyaskedm
3、ethequestionwhethertheworkwasworthdoing.Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcome.(不能用ifornot)Idon’t’knowif/whethertheywillcomeornot.另外別忘了if可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。試比較：Pleaseletmeknowifyouwanttogo.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.3.其它連接詞的選用遵循：“缺什么，補什么”的原則。缺狀語，補連接副詞where,when,why,how;缺主語，賓語，表語，
4、定語，補連接代詞：who,whom,what,which,whose.Whereshehasgoneisnotknownyet.Whyhediditwasn’tquiteclear.Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.Idon’tknowwherewearegoingtohavethemeeting.Pleasetellmewhenweshalldiscussourworkplan.Thisiswhyheislate.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.Ireallydon
5、’tknowwhatheisdoing.Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.Doyouknowwho/whomtheyarewaitingfor.Heaskedwhosedictionaryitwas.二．名詞性從句應(yīng)該注意的。1.名詞性從句用陳述語序。注意whatisthematterwith…….被看作陳述語序。如：Doyouknowwhatisthematterwithhim?不能用Doyouknowwhatthematteriswithhim?2.同位語從句和定語
6、從句的區(qū)分：同位語從句對其前邊的名詞起解釋補充說明,可譯為“既;那就是”;定語從句對先行詞起修飾限制作用,譯為“┉的”;that引導(dǎo)的定語從句在從句中要充當(dāng)成分,作賓語,表語可省略;而that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句只起引導(dǎo)作用,不充當(dāng)成分,不能省略.Thesuggestion(that)ourteachergaveussoundsOK.ThesuggestionthatweshouldarrangeourtimescientificallysoundsOK.Thenews(that)youheardisnottrue.ThenewsthatLinc
7、olnwasmurderedatatheatreistrue.Thefactthatyoupointedoutmademeinterested.Thefactthattherearenolivesonthemoonisknowntousall.1.名詞性從句中的what可改為定語從句thething(s)/person(s)that;whatever可改為anythingthat,whoever可改為anyonewhoTheyarecarefulaboutwhattheyeat.=Theyarecarefulaboutthethingstha
8、ttheyeat.Heisnotwhatheusedtobe.=Heisnottheonethatheusedtobe.Hewouldbelievewhatever
