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1、2Electrochemistry―Review―RecentProgressinElectrochemicalSurfaceSciencewithAtomicandMolecularLevelsShenYE,a,bToshihiroKONDO,cNagahiroHOSHI,dJunjiINUKAI,eSoichiroYOSHIMOTO,fMasatoshiOSAWA,aandKingoITAYAg,haCatalysisResearchCenter,HokkaidoUniversity(N21W10,Kita-ku,Sapporo001-0021,Japan)bPR
2、ESTO,JapanScienceandTechnologyAgency(JST).cGraduateSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences,OchanomizuUniversity(2-1-1Ohtsuka,Bunkyo-ku,Tokyo112-8610,Japan)dDepartmentofAppliedChemistryandBiotechnology,GraduateSchoolofEngineering,ChibaUniversity(1-33Yayoi-cho,Inage-ku,Chiba263-8522,Japan)eFuelCell
3、NanomaterialsCenter,UniversityofYamanashi(4Takeda,Kofu400-8510,Japan)fPriorityOrganizationforInnovationandExcellence,KumamotoUniversity(2-39-1Kurokami,Kumamoto860-8555,Japan)gWPIAdvancedInstituteforMaterialResearch,TohokuUniversity(6-6-07Aoba,Sendai980-8579,Japan)hDepartmentofAppliedChe
4、mistry,GraduateSchoolofEngineering,TohokuUniversity(6-6-07Aoba,Sendai980-8579,Japan)ReceivedOctober9,2008;AcceptedDecember12,2008Untilthemid1980’s,therehadbeenonlyfewinsitumethodsavailableforstructuraldeterminationofanelectrodesurfaceinsolutionatatomicandmonolayerlevels.Nowadays,manypow
5、erfulinsitutechniques,suchaselectro-chemicalscanningtunnelingmicroscopy(EC-STM),infraredreflectionabsorptionspectroscopy(IRAS),surface-enhancedRamanscattering(SERS),andsurface-enhancedinfraredreflectionabsorptionspectroscopy(SEIRAS),secondharmonicgeneration(SHG),sumfrequencygeneration(S
6、FG),andsurfaceX-rayscattering(SXS)havebeenwidelyemployedtocharacterizetheelectrodesurfacesunderpotentialcontrolwithatomicand/ormolecularreso-lution.Theobjectofthisreviewistohighlightsomeoftheprogressoninsitumethodsatsolid-liquidinterfacewithatomicandmolecularlevels.Severalselectedtopics
7、arefocusedon,specificallyadsorbedanionsonmetalsur-face,electrocatalysisofthecarbonoxideoxidationandoxygenreduction,anddirectobservationofsinglecrystalelectrodesurfaces.KeyWords:Solid-LiquidInterface,SingleCrystalElectrode,Adsorption,Structure,Adlayer,Electrocatalysis,SHG,SFG,SX
