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1、威斯敏斯特大教堂WestminsterAbbeyCollegiateChurchofStPeteratWestminster,whichisalmostalwaysreferredtopopularlyandinformallyasWestminsterAbbey,isalarge,mainlyGothicchurch,inWestminster,London,England(UK),locatedjusttothewestofthePalaceofWestminster.Itisthetraditionalplaceofcoronationandbur
2、ialsiteforEnglish,laterBritishandlaterstill(andcurrently)monarchsoftheCommonwealthRealms?TheabbeyisaRoyalPeculiarandbrieflyheldthestatusofacathedralfrom1546to1556.WestminsterAbbeyisacollegiatechurchgovernedbytheDeanandChapterofWestminster,asestablishedbyRoyalCharterofQueenElizabe
3、thIin1560,whichcreateditastheCollegiateChurchofStPeterWestminsterandaRoyalPeculiarunderthepersonaljurisdictionoftheSovereign.ThemembersoftheChapteraretheDeanandfourresidentiaryCanons,assistedbytheReceiverGeneralandChapterClerk.OneoftheCanonsisalsoRectorofStMargaretsChurch,Westmin
4、ster,andoftenholdsalsothepostofChaplaintotheSpeakeroftheHouseofCommons?InadditiontotheDeanandCanons,thereareatpresenttwofull-timeminorcanons,oneprecentor,theothersuccentor?TheofficeofPriestVicarwascreatedinthe1970sforthosewhoassisttheminorcanons?TogetherwiththeClergyandReceiverGe
5、neralandChapterClerk,variousLayOfficersconstitutetheCollege,includingtheOrganistandMasteroftheChoristers,theRegistrar,theAuditor,theLegalSecretary,theSurveyoroftheFabric,theHeadMasteroftheChoirSchool,theKeeperoftheMunimentsandtheClerkoftheWorks,aswellastwelveLayVicarsandtenofthec
6、horistersandtheHighStewardandHighBailiff.TherearealsofortyQueen'sScholarswhoarepupilsatWestminsterSchool(theSchoolhasitsownGoverningBody).ThosewhoaremostdirectlyconcernedwithliturgicalandceremonialmattersarethetwoMinorCanonsandtheOrganistandMasteroftheChoristers威斯敏斯特大教堂坐落在倫敦泰晤士河北
7、岸，原是一座木篤會隱修院，始建于公元960年，1045年進(jìn)行了擴(kuò)建，1065年建成，1220年至1517年進(jìn)行了重建。斯敏斯特教堂在1540年英國國教與羅馬教廷決裂前，它一直是天主教本篤會即天主教的隱修院修會之一的教堂，1540年之后，一直是倫敦的國家級圣公會教堂英國UnitedkingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandOfficiallyUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland,constitutionalmonarchyontheBritishIsles,offWe
8、stEurope?Thecountryisoftenreferredtosimp
