中考復(fù)習(xí)之動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)

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1、動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成1.be動(dòng)詞2.助動(dòng)詞3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞4.系動(dòng)詞5.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞be動(dòng)詞?be動(dòng)詞的幾種形式1）amisare2）waswere3）being4）beenbe動(dòng)詞的用法1.與名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、介詞連用1）Iamadoctor.2）Heisten.3）Theyaretired.4）Thecatisunderthetable.2.Therebe句型1）用于不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)之前Thereisapenonthedesk?Thereissomewaterintheglass?1）用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前Therearesomesheepinthehill.1）用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)Thereis

2、goingtobeafilminourschoolnextSunday.1）用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)Therewasabookonthedeskyesterday.Thereusedtobe（過(guò)去常）atalltreehere.3.Be動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)中的運(yùn)用1）在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中Wearetalking（交談）now.1）在過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)中Weweretalking（交談）atthistimeyesterday.助動(dòng)詞?助動(dòng)詞的幾種形式1）do/don,t2）does/doesn't3)did/didn't4)will/won't5)have,havenJt/has,hasn't/hadhadn't助動(dòng)詞的

3、用法1.對(duì)句子進(jìn)行否定和疑問(wèn)1)Doyougetupearlyeveryday?2)Ididn't(沒(méi))havelunchyesterday?3)Willyoubebacksoon?4)Hehasn't(沒(méi))finishedtheworkyet.2.在反意疑問(wèn)句中1)Heworksinaschool,doesn'the?2)Shehasneverbeenthere,hasshe?3?在倒裝句中1)Theyhelpedthefanners,sodidwe.2)Iwon'tvisitthefamoussinger,neitherwillhe.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1.共同特點(diǎn)1)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟動(dòng)詞原型2

4、)無(wú)論否定、疑問(wèn)、倒裝句、或反意疑問(wèn)句都用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞3)只有時(shí)態(tài)變化，沒(méi)有人稱變化情態(tài)動(dòng)詞2.解釋1)can/could在表示請(qǐng)求允許的時(shí)候兩者和互換，could比can語(yǔ)氣更委婉。CanIhelpyou?Couldyouopenthewindow?在表示有能力作某事時(shí)，could是can的過(guò)去式。Icanswim?Icouldswimattheageoffive?1)Must/havetoMust表示主觀意愿，否定句用Mustn't,否定回答用ncediftImustgono、v?Youmustn'tplayinthestreet?MustIcleantheroomnow?No,you

5、needn,thaveto表示客觀條件的限制的“不得不”，它有時(shí)態(tài)和人稱變化，需要助動(dòng)詞來(lái)否定和疑問(wèn)。Idon"thavetocarrythebigbox.Hehadtowashhisclothes?2.解釋1)May表示請(qǐng)求別人允許。MayIuseyourbike?表示可能性。HemaybeateachenHemayliveinthisbuildings系動(dòng)詞1.我們所學(xué)過(guò)的系動(dòng)詞是1)變成類get,turn,become,make2)感觀動(dòng)詞look,sound,smell,taste>feel3)似乎類seemappear4)保持類staykeep2.系動(dòng)詞只和形容詞連用，構(gòu)成系

6、表結(jié)構(gòu)1)Ifeelhungry.2)Thedaygetslongerandlonger.3)Helookedhappy.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞1.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞指的是有具體行為意思的動(dòng)詞。2.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞在句中可以做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。3?做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法動(dòng)詞會(huì)有四種形式：?jiǎn)稳?，現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞注意：掌握四種形式的變化規(guī)律1)Heworksintheoffice?2)Wcarcdancingtogether.3)Icaughtacoldlastweek?4)Shehaswateredtheflower.1.做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法(指出現(xiàn)在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后的動(dòng)詞，它受前面謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的限制)動(dòng)詞會(huì)有三種形式：

7、1)原型(do)2)動(dòng)名詞(doing)3)不定式(todo)1)用原型:a)letsb.dob)makesb.doc)helpsb.(to)dod)hadbetterdo2)用動(dòng)名詞：a)likedoingb)enjoydoingc)finishdoinga)介詞之后用動(dòng)名詞begoodatdoingwhataboutdoingthankyoufordoing2)用不定式：a)wanttodob)decidetodoc)plantodod)w