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1、中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)大全第七篇:數(shù)詞(一)知識概要數(shù)詞用來表示人或物的數(shù)目多少和順序。所以數(shù)詞主要有兩種:基數(shù)詞,用于計數(shù),如:one,two…而序數(shù)詞用于表示位置先后或次序,臺:firstsecond…其構(gòu)成法如下:阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞簡寫序數(shù)詞1onefirst1st2twosecond2nd3threethird3rd4fourfourth4th5fivefifth5th6sixsixth6th7sevenseventh7th8eighteighth8th9nineninth9th10tententh10th1
2、1eleveneleventh11th12twelvetwelfth12th13thirteenthirteenth13th14fourteenfourteenth14th15fifteenfifteenth15th16sixteensixteenth16th17seventeenseventeenth17th18eighteeneighteenth18yh19nineteennineteenth19th20twentytwentieth20th21twenty-onetwenty-first21st30thirtyth
3、irtieth30th40fortyfortieth40th50fiftyfiftieth50th60sixtysixtieth60th70seventyseventieth70th80eightyeightieth80th90ninetyninetieth90th100a(one)hundredhundredth100th104onehundredandfourhundredandfourth104th1000a(one)thounsandthounsandth1000th10000tenthounsandtentho
4、unsandth10000th1000000onemillionmillionth1000000th基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞都有一定的構(gòu)成方法,但都有特殊例外的幾個字,所以除了要學(xué)會一般構(gòu)成法之外,還要特別記熟一些例外。因它們在考試中出現(xiàn)的頻率很高。1基數(shù)詞構(gòu)成結(jié)構(gòu)21~99的兩位數(shù)字,在10位和個位之間加連字符構(gòu)成,如89-eighty-nine.101~999的三位數(shù)字,由hundred加and再加二位數(shù)或未位數(shù)字,如:101-onehundredandone,223-twohundredandtwenty-three
5、.四位以上數(shù)字,應(yīng)從個位起向前數(shù)三位加逗號,讀作thousand,再數(shù)三位加第二個逗號,讀作million,再數(shù)三位加逗號,讀作billion,其讀法如下:1001-onethousandandone5386-fivethousand,threehundredandeighty-six要注意的是hundred,thousand,million與billion的用法。①前面有別的基數(shù)詞時,即若干個百、千、百萬、十億時,其本身都不要加s,如:threehundredstudents。②若表示成百,成千或數(shù)百,數(shù)千時,前
6、面不能有基數(shù)詞,但其本身要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,然后+of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)。如:thousandsandthousandsof。(成千上萬)2序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成法序數(shù)詞除first,second,third以外,其余一般在詞尾加th構(gòu)成,除一般略有差異的各別數(shù)詞外,很容易掌握。其二位數(shù)或多位數(shù)只將后面的個位數(shù)字改為序數(shù)詞,其前面各位數(shù)字均不改變,都用基數(shù)詞。3其他數(shù)字表示法小數(shù)的小數(shù)點讀作point,零讀作o[u]或zero,小數(shù)點后面的數(shù)字按個位基數(shù)詞依次讀出。分?jǐn)?shù)分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,當(dāng)分子大于1時,分?jǐn)?shù)要在序數(shù)詞上加
7、s,但1/2用onehalf,14用aquarter.13讀作onethird而23讀作twothirds。百分?jǐn)?shù)(%),讀作percent(percent),但不論是多少均用作單數(shù)形式不能加s。表示日期有兩種說法和四種寫法,如:2月1號英語表達法為:thefirstofFebruary而美語為February(the)first,但其書寫上可有四種寫法①February1②February1st③1stFebruary④1/2。倍數(shù)的講法有所不同。兩倍用twice,而三倍以上用序數(shù)詞加times,如:Hehasth
8、reetimesasmanybooksasIhave.(二)正誤辨析[誤]1107shouldbereadasathousandahundredasseven.[正]1107shouldbereadasonethousandonehundredandseven.[析]在讀數(shù)字時,如:and前只有百或千時,用on