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1、直接引語和間接引語DirectandIndirectSpeechWhatdidshesay?Shesaidthatshecouldn’tfindhercat.Ican’tfindmycat.結(jié)論一直接引語是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時用連詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句.從句中的人稱,時態(tài),指示代詞,時間狀語,地點狀語等相應(yīng)變化.口訣說明直接引語間接引語1、人稱的變化一隨主二隨賓第三人稱不變引號內(nèi)的第一人稱變間引后與主句主語的人稱保持一致引號內(nèi)的第二人稱變間引后與主句賓語的人稱保持一致引號內(nèi)的第三人稱在變間引后人稱不變Shesaid
2、,“IlikeTennis.”Shesaidthatshelikedtennis.HesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly.”HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly.Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim.”Shetoldmethattheywantedtohelphim.一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時一般過去時過去完成時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時一般將來時過去將來時Theteachersaid,“T
3、hesunisbiggerthantheearth.”Theteachersaidthatthesunisbiggerthantheearth.特殊:直接引語若是客觀真理,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,時態(tài)不變.2、時態(tài)的變化由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列情況時態(tài)不變:1.不變的真理Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Waterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.”→Theteachertoldthestudentsthatwaterfreezeswhenthetemp
4、eraturefallsbelow0℃.2.經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣：Hesaidtothedoctor,“Ismoketwopackseveryday.”→Hetoldthedoctorthathesmokestwopackseveryday.3.歷史事件：Theteachersaid,“WorldWarⅡendedin1945.”→TheteachersaidthatWorldWarⅡendedin1945.4.部分情態(tài)動詞保持不變,如must,should,oughtto,usedto,hadbetter等：Shesaidt
5、ome:“Youmusthurryup.”→ShesaidthatImusthurryup.5.當(dāng)引述動詞為現(xiàn)在時Shesays,“I’llneverforgetit.”Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetit.時態(tài)變化總結(jié)：不變的真理經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣歷史事件部分情態(tài)動詞當(dāng)引述動詞為現(xiàn)在時由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列代詞、形容詞、副詞、動詞等可能要變化直接引語間接引語thisthesenowagotodaytomorrowthatthosethenbeforethatdaythenext/follow
6、ingday直接引語間接引語thedayaftertomorrowyesterdaylastnightthedaybeforeyesterdaycomebringhereintwodays’timethedaybeforethenightbeforetwodaysbefore/earliergobring/takethereWhatdidshesay?Sheaskedif/whethershecouldhaveanothericecream.CanIhaveanothericecream?Whatdidshesay?
7、Sheaskedwhenherdadwouldtakehertothezoo.WhenwillmyDadtakemetothezoo?1.Shesaidthatshecouldn’tfindhercat.2.Sheaskedif/whethershecouldhaveanothericecream.3.Sheaskedwhenherdadwouldtakehertothezoo.結(jié)論二直接引語是陳述句，變間接引語時，要用連詞that連接。直接引語是疑問句，變間接引語時，要從疑問語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序。直接引語是一般疑問句,
8、變?yōu)殚g接引語時,用連詞if或whether連接。直接引語是特殊疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,仍用原來的疑問詞作連詞來引導(dǎo)。賓語從句：Ihavetoldyouthatifthecameraisbroken,youwillhavetopaytogetitrepaired.2.Areyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyo
